A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (1940–1945), although the computer concept and various machines similar to computers existed earlier. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers(PC).Modern computers are based on tiny integrated circuits and are millions to billions of times more capable while occupying a fraction of the space. Today, simple computers may be made small enough to fit into a wristwatch and be powered from a watch battery. Personal computers, in various forms, are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "a computer". However, the most common form of computer in use today is the embedded computer. Embedded computers are small, simple devices that are used to control other devices.They may be found in machines ranging from fighter aircraft to industrial robots, digital cameras, and children's toys.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile and distinguishes them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore, computers with capability and complexity ranging from that of a personal digital assistant to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks given enough time and storage capacity.
Yoga is refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the goal achieved by those disciplines, and to one of the six orthodox (āstika) schools of Hindu philosophy.
Yoga is classified into major branches.It include Raja Yoga, Karma Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, and Hatha Yoga. Raja Yoga, compiled in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and known simply as yoga in the context of Hindu philosophy, is part of the Samkhya tradition. Many other Hindu texts discuss aspects of yoga, including the Vedas, Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, the Shiva Samhita and various Tantras.
The Sanskrit word yoga has many meanings, and is derived from the Sanskrit root yuj, meaning to control, to yoke or to unite. Translations include joining, uniting, union, conjunction, and means. Outside India, the term yoga is typically associated with Hatha Yoga and its asanas (postures) or as a form of exercise. A practitioner of Yoga is called a Yogi (unisex term) or Yogini (for female).
The goal of yoga may range from anywhere between improved health and reaching Moksha. Within the monist schools of Advaita Vedanta and Shaivism the goal of yoga takes the form of Moksha, which is liberation from all worldly suffering and the cycle of birth and death (Samsara), at which point there is a realisation of identity with the Supreme Brahman. In the Mahabharata, the goal of yoga is variously described as entering the world of Brahma, as Brahman, or as perceiving the Brahman or Atman that pervades all things. For the bhakti schools of Vaishnavism, bhakti or service to Svayam bhagavan itself is the ultimate goal of the yoga process, where in perfection culminates in an eternal relationship with Vishnu, Rama or Krsna.
From my opinion, yoga is a actual pratice for every human being to get apeacefull life
A rocket or rocket vehicle is a missile, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust by the reaction of the rocket to the ejection of fast moving fluid from a rocket engine. Chemical rockets work by the action of hot gas produced by the combustion of the propellant against the inside of combustion chambers and expansion nozzles. This generates forces that accelerate the gas to extremely high speed and exert a large thrust on the rocket (since every action has an equal and opposite reaction).
The history of rockets goes back to at least the 13th century. By the 20th century, they have enabled human spaceflight to the Moon. In the 21st century, they have made commercial space tourism possible.
Rockets are used for fireworks and weaponry, as launch vehicles for artificial satellites, human spaceflight and exploration of other planets. While inefficient for low speed use, they are, compared to other propulsion systems, very lightweight and powerful, capable of attaining extremely high speeds with reasonable efficiency.
Chemical rockets store a large amount of energy in an easily-released form, and can be very dangerous. However, careful design, testing, construction, and use minimize the risks.
Larger rockets are normally launched from a launch pad which serves as stable support until a few seconds after ignition.
There are many different types of rockets, and a comprehensive list of the basic engine types can be found in rocket engine — the vehicles themselves range in size from tiny models such as water rockets or small solid rockets that can be purchased at a hobby store, to the enormous Saturn V used for the Apollo program, and in many different vehicle types such as rocket cars and rocket planes.
Saturn V is the biggest rocket to have successfully flownMost current rockets are chemically powered rockets (usually internal combustion engines, but some employ a decomposing monopropellant) that emit a hot exhaust gas. A chemical rocket engine can use gas propellant, solid propellant, liquid propellant, or a hybrid mixture of both solid and liquid. With combustive propellants a chemical reaction is initiated between the fuel and the oxidizer in the combustion chamber, and the resultant hot gases accelerate out of a nozzle (or nozzles) at the rearward-facing end of the rocket. The acceleration of these gases through the engine exerts force ("thrust") on the combustion chamber and nozzle, propelling the vehicle (in accordance with Newton's Third Law). See rocket engine for details.
Rockets in which the heat is supplied from a source other than a propellant, such as solar thermal rockets, can be classed as external combustion engines. Other examples of external combustion rocket engines include most designs for nuclear powered rocket engines. Use of hydrogen as the propellant for such engines gives very high exhaust velocities (around 6-10 km/s).
Water rockets are flown for recreational purposesSteam rockets, are another example of non chemical rockets. These rockets release very hot water through a nozzle where, due to the lower pressure there, it instantly flashes to high velocity steam, propelling the rocket. The efficiency of steam as a rocket propellant is relatively low, but it is simple and reasonably safe, and the propellant is cheap and widely available. Most steam rockets have been used for propelling land-based vehicles but it formed the basis of Evel Knievel's skycycle, and a small steam rocket was tested in 2004 on board the UK-DMC satellite, as an alternative, with higher performance, to cold gas thrusters for attitude jets. There are even proposals to use steam rockets for interplanetary transport using either nuclear or solar heating as the power source to vaporize water collected from around the solar system, at system costs that are claimed to be orders of magnitude lower than electrolysis-based hydrogen systems.
In additional,Rockets are not inherently highly dangerous. In military usage quite adequate reliability is obtained.
Proton is the Malaysian national carmaker (Malay acronym for Perusahaan otomobil Nasional, 'National Automobile Enterprise'), which was established in 1983 under the direction of the former Prime Minister, Tun Mahathir Mohamad. Proton Holdings Berhad, the holding company, is listed on the Bursa Malaysia.
Based on technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors, production of the first model, the Proton Saga began in September 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam, Selangor. Initially the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi but slowly local parts were being used as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. The 100,000th Proton Saga was produced in January 1989.
Until the end of the 1990s, the car's logo featured the crest from Malaysia's coat of arms, featuring a crescent and a fourteen-pointed star. The new Proton logo features a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a model called Proton Wira was introduced based on the Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt. More than 220,000 units were sold between 1996 and 1998. Proton Perdana, based on the Mitsubishi Galant/Eterna, was first produced in 1995, intended for higher end market. The Proton Waja (Proton Impian in UK), which launched early 2001, is the first car model designed internally by Proton.
By 2002 Proton held a market share of over 60% in Malaysia, which was reduced to barely 30% by 2005 and is expected to reduce further in 2008 when AFTA mandates reduce import tariffs to a maximum of 5%. (See "Trivia" section for update on tariff implementation)
The current Proton logo, in text form.With the acquisition of Lotus technologies in 1996 from ACBN Holdings (a company owned by the owner of Bugatti), Proton has gained an additional source of engineering and automotive expertise. This led to the production of Proton Gen-2 which was code name Wira Replacement Model (WRM) before the launch. The Gen-2 is the first of cars to be manufactured and assembled at the new manufacturing plant in Tanjung Malim, Perak which is part of Proton City development project. The plant was opened in 2004. On June 8, 2005 Proton introduced the second model to be manufactured in Tanjung Malim, the 1,200 cc 5-door supermini, the Proton Savvy. Both the Gen-2 and Savvy, were models that MG Rover was looking to rebadge when the British firm entered into collaboration talks with Proton. However these joint-venture talks were unsuccessful and MG Rover subsequently collapsed.
In 2007, Proton launch its new sedan as replacement version for Wira Sedan but with new name, Persona. The new Proton Saga replacement model (codename Proton BLM) was launched on 18th January 2008. The new Saga is based on the Savvy platform, but using Campro 1.3L instead of Renault engine. It was announced on August 8, 2008 that Proton is developing a new, fuel-efficient hybrid car to beat rising costs and address environmental concerns. Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi told reporters that he had already test-driven the car and urged the company to continue researching energy-saving techonologies.
As of August 3, 2008, Proton has produced 3 million cars since 1985,where the 3 millionth car is a second-generation Saga.
'Friendship' is a term used to denote co-operative and supportive behavior between two or more beings. In this sense, the term connotes a relationship which involves mutual knowledge, esteem, and affection and respect along with a degree of rendering service to friends in times of need or crisis. Friends will welcome each other's company and exhibit loyalty towards each other, often to the point of altruism. Their tastes will usually be similar and may converge, and they will share enjoyable activities. They will also engage in mutually helping behavior, such as exchange of advice and the sharing of hardship. A friend is someone who may often demonstrate reciprocating and reflective behaviors. Yet for many, friendship is nothing more than the trust that someone or something will not harm them. Value that is found in friendships is often the result of a friend demonstrating the following on a consistent basis: • the tendency to desire what is best for the other, • sympathy and empathy, • honesty, perhaps in situations where it may be difficult for others to speak the truth, especially in terms of pointing out the perceived faults of one's counterpart • mutual understanding.
In a comparison of personal relationships, friendship is considered to be closer than association, although there is a range of degrees of intimacy in both friendships and associations. Friendship and association can be thought of as spanning across the same continuum. The study of friendship is included in sociology, anthropology, philosophy, and zoology. Various theories of friendship have been proposed, among which are social psychology, social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles. See Interpersonal relationships Friendship is considered one of the central human experiences, and has been sanctified by all major religions. The Epic of Gilgamesh, a Babylonian poem that is among the earliest known literary works in history, chronicles in great depth the friendship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu. The Greco-Roman had, as a paramount example, the friendship of Orestes and Pylades. The Abrahamic faiths have the story of David and Jonathan. Friendship played an important role in German Romanticism. A good example for this is Schiller's Die Bürgschaft. The Christian Gospels state that Jesus Christ declared, "No one has greater love than this, to lay down one's life for one's friends."(John 15:13). In philosophy, Aristotle is known for his discussion (in the Nicomachean Ethics) of philia, which is usually (somewhat misleadingly) translated as "friendship," and certainly includes friendship, though is a much broader concept. Cultural variations: (stub-section) A group of friends consists of two or more people who are in a mutually pleasing relationship engendering a sentiment of camaraderie, exclusivity, and mutual trust. There are varying degrees of "closeness" between friends. Hence, some people choose to differentiate and categorize friendships based on this sentiment.
25 ways to improve your conversations... 1. Be the first to say hello 2. Make an extra effort to remember people's names and ask a person's name if you have forgotten it 3. Be receptive to new ideas and be open to other people's opinions and feelings 4. Show curiosity and interest i others and get enthusiastic about their interests 5. Tell others about yourself,what you likes are and the important events in your life 6. Keep abreast of current events and the issues that effect all our lives 7. Use "I" when you talk about personal things and don't use the word "you" when you really mean "I" 8. Show others that you are a good listener by restating their comments in other manner 9. Show your sense of humour when talking to others 10. Balance the giving and receiving information 11. Show others that you are enjoying your conversations with them 12. Ask other people their opinion 13. Look for the positive in those you meet 14. Start and end your conversation with a person's name and a handshake or warm greeting 15. Take time to be cordial with your neighbours and co-workers 16. Let others know that you want to get to know them better 17. Ask others about things they have told you in previous conversations 18. Listen carefully for free information 19. Be tolerant of other people's beliefs if they differ from yours 20. Change the topic of conversation when it has run its course 21. Always search for another person's "hot button" 22. Compliment others about what they are wearing,doing or saying 23. Encourage others to talk by sending out receptivity signals 24. Make an effort to see and talk to people you enjoy 25. When you tell a story,present the main point first and then add the supporting details afterward
I hope all of u can practice these ways to make your conversation become better...all the best!!!
Passwords or watchwords have been used since ancient times.Polybius describes the system for distribution watchwords in the Roman military as follows: The way in which they secure the passing round of the watchword for the night is as follows: from the tenth maniple of each class of infantry and cavalry, the maniple which is encamped at the lower end of the street, a man is chosen who is relieved from guard duty, and he attends every day at sunset at the tent of the tribune, and receiving from him the watchword - that is a wooden tablet with the word inscribed on it - takes his leave, and on returning to his quarters passes on the watchword and tablet before witnesses to the commander of the next maniple, who in turn passes it to the one next him. All do the same until it reaches the first maniples, those encamped near the tents of the tribunes. These latter are obliged to deliver the tablet to the tribunes before dark. So that if all those issued are returned, the tribune knows that the watchword has been given to all the maniples, and has passed through all on its way back to him. If any one of them is missing, he makes inquiry at once, as he knows by the marks from what quarter the tablet has not returned, and whoever is responsible for the stoppage meets with the punishment he merits. [2]. Passwords have been used with computers since the earliest days of computing. MIT's CTSS, one of the first time sharing systems, was introduced in 1961. It had a LOGIN command that requested a user password. "After typing PASSWORD, the system turns off the printing mechanism, if possible, so that the user may type in his password with privacy." [3] Robert Morris invented the idea of storing login passwords in a hashed form as part of the Unix operating system. His algorithm, know as crypt(3), used a 12-bit salt and invoked a modified form of the DES algorithm 25 times to reduce the risk of dictionary attacks.
YouTube. A high rating website that is viewed but thousands people a day. This website allowed users to upload their videos and share them with the world. User can share their talents such as playing the instruments, drawing and also marshal arts. YouTube has been blocked for several countries including Tunisia, Thailand Turkey and Pakistan. United Arab Emirates banned few pages in YouTube. The main critic that this website has to face is the law of copyright. Users love to upload the videos that have been copied from the TV shows, drama and movies, so, they want to be a top up-loader as lots of people will rate their videos and also they want to be a 'wanted up loader' and be famous in YouTube website. There is no doubt that this website manage to bring someone to the front to show and polish their talents and show them to the world. Yes. But, this website also will be viewed by all people including the teenagers and children. Of course not only the `mere' videos will be uploaded by the up loaders. They also intended to upload the videos that contain pornography, nudity, defamation, harassment and material encouraging criminal conduct. The uploaded of these kinds of videos are prohibited but how they want to manage millions of video in one time? For you information, YouTube had 83.4 million video and 3.75 million users in April 2008 and I think that it is impossible to the people that conduct YouTube to banned some videos that have been uploaded. Back to the uploaded drama. Users can view the drama online and download them via the software that can be downloaded from the internet. Some people said that why they have to buy the VCD as they can watch their desired movie or drama by free? This phenomenon can disrupt the movie or drama industry and can be the virus in the society. Actually, this website can give us the information about news, story and be a medium to share something with the world. But in the same time, this website also gives us the negative impacts if we use it in a wrong way. Think about it and surf it wisely.
What is the important thing that you love most in your life??
For me myself, I really appreciate my mobile phone..although its only the cheap one but I buy it using my own money..So, I always care about it..
mobile phone is everything..
But, did you know about the history of mobile phone?
I would like to share with you about the history of mobile phone..
The mobile phone (also called a wireless phone or cellular phone, but also handy in German and kinito or κινητό in Greek) is a short-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites.
In addition to the standard voice function of a mobile phone, telephone, current mobile phones may support many additional services, and accessories, such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching for access to the Internet, gaming, bluetooth, infrared, camera with video recorder and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video..
That's great right?
So, appreciate our mobile phone and use it wisely..;)
when we talk about fantasy, what do you think in your mind? Is it fairy, magical world, magic stick, unicorn or any other things??
As what I remembered, we are disposed to these kind of fantasy since our childhood time. Begins with stories like Snow White, Cinderella until now we have The Lord of The Rings, Harry Potter, The Chronicles of Narnia and many other stories.
However, from my opinion I think we should be very carefully in choosing the right fantasy stories. We must take the moral values inside the stories but at the same time we shouldn't be very fanatic to any of them.
At our age, I believe that we are very sure on what we do including to choose this fantasy story. My advice is to take a bit more care about the child or in another word, help them choose the right story.
Hopefully, all of you can learn something about it. That's for now!!!
for this week I already read about tips to success..to face final exam I would like to share what I read with my classmate....
1. Take Risks - Do not be afraid to take risks.. where is the fun in that? If you want something, go for it! Do not try and justify every action you make. Sometimes, all you have to do is to take that big leap! We usually allow ourselves to settle at what is safe and secure and yet we end up wondering at all the “what if’s?” and “what could have been’s?” in life.
2. Make Opportunities - This is more logical than waiting for opportunity to knock on your door - which may or may never come.
3. Have a Plan - Always have a plan.. this is the best way to stay on track with your goals. Set a milestone which will provide as your visual in what you are working for, what you have successfully achieved, and what you need to do better.
4. Stay Motivated - When you’re too busy getting what you want you also exhaust all your energies with it and this becomes critical because this is usually the reason why we lose the battle. Half-way through, we get tired and lose the desire to go on. It is important to stay motivated. Remind yourself with the reasons as to why you are working hard.. read motivational quotes and articles. Assure yourself that every effort exerted will eventually pay-off in the long run.
5. Be Patient - Always remember that attaining goals almost always takes time. Be kind to yourself and the people around you because everything is actually a process in working your way up the ladder each day.
8. Reward yourself - As you surpass every milestone try and treat yourself for a job well done.
7. Do not Stop Learning - You may feel that you have already become an expert in your field when you’ve been working on it for so long. But this shouldn’t be the reason why you should stop learning. Keep innovating! New ideas and new ventures helps keep the fire burning!
8. Learn to Delegate - When you are getting close to your goals you will find out that there are many more things to do than hours in the day. Find someone to help take some of your load so you can focus on things that needs your full attention.
9. Raise your Standards - Always learn to “Step-up!”. Increase your standard and strive for more!
10. Be Thankful - Not only with your accomplishments but also with your trials and your failures. It will keep you humble, which in turn, will help you continue striving for success.
Laughter reduces stress,improves memory and helps keep ourhearts healthy.The ability to laugh is hard-wired into our systems,and new research shows that it's not only good for us,it's contagius.There's a reason sitcoms are funnier when we're in group,when we see someone laugh,our brain seems to activate "mirror neurons" that send us into the same fit of laughter.
A little fun can lead to a more positive approach in everyday situations,says psychologist Kelly McGonigal.She teaches guided laughter,a group technique in which you prep your body for the physical work of laughter to reap the benefits:joy and social interaction."All the efforts we put into reducing stress we ought to put into laughing",McGonigal says.
Laughing for 10 to 15 minutes increases your heart rate by 10-20%,which means you can burn an extra 40-165KJ a day.Over a year,that can add up to around two kilograms in weight loss.Homour increases the production and effectiveness of natural killer cells that stomp out germs.So,laughing can make us stay healthy always.
1. Decide to be a happy person. As Lincoln observed, most people, most of the time, can choose how stressed or happy, how troubled or relaxed they want to be. Choose to be happy.
2. Watch and Read less news. As a recovering news addict,we know this can be difficult because the stock market fluctuates, politicians politic, and sports teams compete. But, most of the time, we don't need the stress. So, just don't watch.
3. Practice the Attitude of Gratitude. We all have so much to be grateful for. Just thanking the many people who assist us, encourage us, teach us and open doors for us could take all day!
4. Take Time.
5. Laugh everyday. Hear a joke, tell a joke, laugh at yourself, laugh with your friends and family and co-workers. There are very few medicines as powerful as laughter.
6. Love well. Express your affection, appreciation, friendship and warmth to those around you, and they will almost always respond in the most amazing ways! Be generous--it pays great dividends!
7. Work hard. This one comes as a bit of a surprise, but there is tremendous satisfaction in being competent, and joy in completing our assigned tasks. One of the great sources of happiness is to do work that is worthy of you, and to do it well.
8. Learn something new, everyday. To be happy, most of us must also be growing, expanding, learning and challenging ourselves. Read, listen, adapt and stretch to accommodate new ideas and new information.
9. Use your body as it was designed. Walk and run, stretch, throw things, and lift things. Dance! Exercise is good, but so is making love, mixing up a batch of cookies, or exchanging backrubs. You have a body and it can be either a source of joy, or a source of aches and pains. Your choice.
10. Avoid toxins. I prefer writing positives (things to do) rather than negatives (things to fear), but reality says there are negative people and there are bad chemicals, stressful noises, and unsafe places. Don't go there! Avoid poisons whenever possible. It seems to work out better that way.
novel ZURIAT for me this novel is so touching because it tell how a couple married have to accept that all 6 of their children will die because of the illness that there is no treatment for that illness
Today, i would like to give some of the information of today's seven wonders of the world,which i bet some of us do not even know about it.
The seven wonders are as below :
1.The Pyramids of Egypt 2.The hanging Garden of Babylon 3.The Statue of Zeus at Olympia 4.The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus 5.The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus 6.The Colossus of Rhodes 7.The Pharos of Alexandria
Sadly,only one wonder of the seven,the pyramids of Egypt still stands today.The other were destroyed by natural disaster or when the war was taking place at that place.
What is stress? Stress is difficult to define or measure. Some people thrive on a busy lifestyle and are able to cope well with life crises. Other people feel tensed or stressed by the slightest deviation from their set daily routine. Many people fall somewhere in between, but may have periods when levels of stress increase. Tell-tale signs of stress building up include: • Not being able to sleep properly with worries going through your mind. • Being impatient or irritable at minor problems. • Not being able to concentrate due to many things going through your mind. • Being unable to make decisions. • Drinking or smoking more. • Not enjoying food so much. • Being unable to relax, and always feeling that something needs to be done. • Feeling tense. Sometimes this includes a 'knot' in the stomach, or feeling sweaty with a dry mouth or a thumping heart. Ongoing stress is thought to be bad for health, although this is difficult to prove. For example, stress is thought to be bad for the heart and is possibly a 'risk factor' for developing heart problems in later life. Stress may also contribute to other physical illnesses in ways little understood. For example, it is thought that irritable bowel syndrome, psoriasis, migraine, tension headaches, and other conditions are made worse by an increased level of stress. The following is a list of suggestions that may be useful to try and combat stress, some more appropriate to some people than others. Stress list You can try making a 'stress list'. Try keeping a diary over a few weeks or so, and list the times, places, and people that aggravate your stress levels. A pattern may emerge. Is it always the traffic on the way to work that sets things off to a bad start for the day? Perhaps it's the supermarket check-out, next door's dog, a work colleague, or something similar that may occur regularly and cause you stress. Once you have identified any typical or regular causes of stress, two things may then help. • If you discuss this with a close friend or family member, it may help them and you to be aware of the reasons why you are feeling stressed. Simply talking it through may help. • Secondly, these situations can be used as 'cues' to relax. You can use simple relaxation techniques (see below) when a stressful situation occurs or is anticipated. For example, try doing neck stretching exercises when you are in that traffic jam rather than getting tense and stressed. Try simple relaxation techniques • Deep breathing. This means taking a long, slow breath in, and very slowly breathe out. If you do this a few times, and concentrate fully on breathing, you may find it quite relaxing. • Muscular tensing and stretching. Try twisting your neck around each way as far as it is comfortable, and then relax. Try fully tensing your shoulder and back muscles for several seconds, and then relax completely. positive relaxation Set specific times aside to positively relax. Don't just let relaxation happen, or not happen, at the mercy of work, family, etc. Plan it, and look forward to it. Different people prefer different things. A long bath, a quiet stroll, sitting and just listening to a piece of music, etc. These times are not wasteful, and you should not feel guilty about not 'getting on with things'. They can be times of reflection and putting life back in perspective.Some people find it useful to set time aside for a relaxation programme such as meditation or muscular exercises. You can also buy relaxation tapes to help you learn to relax. Time out Try to allow several times a day to 'stop' and take some time out. For example, getting up 15-20 minutes earlier than you need to is a good start. You can use this time to think about and plan the coming day, and to prepare for the day's events unrushed.Take a regular and proper lunch break, preferably away from work. Don't work over lunch. If work is busy, if possible try and take 5 or 10 minutes away every few hours to relax.Once or twice a week, try to plan some time just to be alone and 'unobtainable'. For example, a gentle stroll or a sit in the park often helps to break out of life's hustle and bustle. Smoking and alcohol Don't be fooled that smoking and drinking can help with stress. In the long run, they don't. Drinking alcohol to 'calm nerves' is often a slippery slope to heavier and problem drinking. Hobbies Many people find that a hobby which has no deadlines, no pressures, and which can be picked up or left easily takes the mind off stresses. For example: sports, knitting, music, model-making, puzzles, and reading for pleasure.
SALAM AND HELLO! Just want to share with you all...
MILK OR BEAN???
Milk protein is significantly better than soy at building muscle mass, according to research from McMaster University in Canada. The study found that drinking two glasses of skim milk after a work-out created twice as much muscle as the same amount of protein from soy drinks.
"This is an interesting finding, since soy and milk proteins are considered to be complete proteins that are basically equivalent from a nutritional standpoint," says Stuart Philips, associate professor of kinesiology, who was involved in the study. "The effectiveness of milk in stimulating muscle gain is much better than soy. If muscle mass gain is your goal with weightlifting, then drink milk."
There are something interesting facts that I want to share with all you about our solar system..Have fun reading(^_^)
1.Mercury It takes 59 days for this planet to make a rotation but 88 days to circle the sun.That means that there are fewer than 2 days in a year!
2.Venus It is the brightest in our sky and can sometimes be seen with the naked eye if you know where to look.
3.Earth Our home planet has more exposed water than land.Almost three quarters of the earth is covered by water!
4.Mars The home of "Olympus Mons",the largest volcano found in the solar system which stands about 27 km high with a crater 81 km wide.
5.Jupiter The largest planet in the solar system,but it spins very quickly on its axis.A day on Jupiter lasts only 9 hours and 55 minutes.Ack,I get dizzy just thinking about it!
6.Saturn The second biggest planet,but it's also the lightest planet among the planet in our solar system.
7.Uranus Uranus's axis is at a 97 degree angle,meaning that it orbits lying on its side!Talk about a lazy planet..
8.Neptune It was discovered in 1846(over 150 years ago).Since that time it has still yet to make a complete orbit around the sun,because one Neptune year lasts 165 Earth years!
9.Pluto This "thing" is no longer consider as a planet due to its size and other reason.Instead,astronomers call it a dwarf planet.
i just read this article. its said that lower breast cancer risk for women who were breastfed as children..Women who were breastfed as infants have a lower risk of breast cancer as adults, according to a new study conducted by researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison and published in the journal Epidemiology.
"As a general group, women who reported they had been breastfed in infancy had a 17 percent decrease in breast cancer risk," researcher Hazel B. Nichols said. "However, we did not observe this reduction when we looked specifically among first-born women."
Some researchers have suggested that because toxins accumulate in the body fat of adult women - including in their breast milk - then infants who are breastfed may be exposed to more toxins and have a higher risk of cancer as adults. If this is true, then breastfed children of older women should have a higher cancer risk, as their mothers have had more time to accumulate toxins.
To test this possibility, the researchers interviewed 2,016 female breast cancer patients between the ages of 20 and 69, and 1,960 women who did not have the disease. They found that the women who had been breastfed as infants had a lower risk of breast cancer than the non-breastfed women.
Among the breastfed group, there was no effect on cancer risk from the mother's age at childbirth. In this same group, women who were born first had a higher cancer risk than women who had three or more older siblings.
When the researchers compared only firstborn women to each other, there was no difference in cancer rates between those who were breastfed and those who were not.
Among women who had not been breastfed, a mother's older age at childbirth corresponded to a lower cancer risk for the infant. There was no relationship found between cancer risk and birth order.
The results follow those of another recent study, conducted by British researchers and published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. This long-term observational study found that babies who were breastfed did not have an elevated cancer risk as adults, and that women who had been breastfed appeared to have a lower breast cancer risk.
hey all.. i have something to share with all..especially for you who having heartbroken.. TIPS TO OVERCOME HEARTBROKEN: 1. IT'S REALLY NOT THE END OF THE WORLD! (must pass) 2. IT'S HORRIBLE TO HAVE YOUR HEART BROKEN - HORRIBLE. 3. REMEMBER, YOU'RE NOT ALONE 4. ALLOW YOURSELF TIME AND SPACE TO GRIEVE. 5. BE GOOD TO YOURSELF NOW 6. DO NOT FALL BACK ON ALCOHOL, DRUGS, CIGARETTES OR FOOD! 7. LEARN FROM THIS EXPERIENCE 8. DON'T BEAT YOURSELF UP. 9. REMEMBER THAT IT USUALLY DOESN'T WORK TO DEPEND UPON ANOTHER PERSON FOR YOUR HAPPINESS. 10. REMEMBER THERE ARE OTHER FISHES IN THE SEA - IT'S JUST A FACT OF NATURE. 11. RE-ESTABLISH, RE-AFFIRM YOUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH YOUR FRIENDS. 12. TOMORROW IS ANOTHER DAY...AND - THIS TOO SHALL PASS - believe us - THIS TOO SHALL PASS...
Hopes this all tips can help all most of the people who still in this situation felt better..
Jon Kabat-Zinn, Ph.D, founder of the Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, summed up mindfulness when he said, “Wherever you go, there you are.”
Mindfulness is paying attention to the present moment and not thinking about what someone said to you this morning, talking on the phone while replying to an email, or worrying about the future.
Once a day from now on, I want you to put sincere effort into being fully present. Give your undivided attention to what you’re doing. If you have a lunch date, enjoy being with that person, rather than thinking about that client meeting you had in the morning or stressing about the pile of work sitting on your desk. Even the most mundane tasks, like making dinner, can come alive. Notice the smells, tastes, textures. Here is a description of what mindfulness is, adapted from Full Catastrophe Living, by Jon Kabat-Zinn. Mindfulness is… Being yourself.
Not judging yourself, over-analyzing what you’re going to say, or getting caught up in your thoughts.
Accepting and appreciating what each moment offers.
Allowing things to be the way they are, without getting caught up in expectations, hopes, wishes, and experiences.
Being patient with yourself and other people. Not being impatient or anxious for certain things, pleasant and unpleasant, to happen.
Trusting yourself and your feelings.
Tip #2: Read Books That Inspire You
What are you interested in? What inspires you, motivates you, moves you? For example, you may dream of having a life coach to keep you on track with your goals. If you can’t afford the $300 to $500 per month fee, go to the bookstore. There are plenty of helpful books to help you assess where you are now, where you want to be, and learn from people who have done it. These are some books I’ve read and enjoyed: The Best Year of Your Life: Dream It, Live It, Plan It, by Debbie Ford
The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment, by Eckhart Tolle
The Four Agreements: A Practical Guide to Personal Freedom, by Don Miguel Ruiz
Anatomy of the Spirit, by Carolyn Myss
Tip #3: Give Thanks at Meals
See if this scenario is familiar - you’d love to go for lunch but you have too much to do, so you grab a sandwich to go and bring it back to your desk. Within minutes, your sandwich is gone, you’re still hunched over at the computer, and you can barely remember how it tasted.
Instead, start each meal with a pause - take a deep breath and give thanks for the food your about to eat. Or, say a prayer, whatever has meaning for you. Buy a beautiful plate, placemat, mug, or food container to use.
Tip #4: Book a Monthly Massage
Once a month, treat yourself to a relaxation massage. If it is out of your budget, consider going to a massage school student clinic in your area. Treatments by massage therapists-in-training are often 1/4 of the regular cost.
Tip #5: Forgive
Forgiving yourself and others can be liberating. Many people carry past hurts inside them and are unable to let them go. Start by forgiving yourself - if something you say or do causes misunderstanding or may be interpreted as hurtful, don’t let it sit and don’t beat yourself up over it.Give a sincere apology and then do something to psychologically cleanse, such as taking that thought and imagining yourself throwing it in the garbage can or taking a warm shower when you get home. You can also try these affirmations: “Life is too short to beat myself up over what’s done in the past. I choose to forgive myself and forgive others.”
“I know how much it hurts me when other people are mad or hold grudges at me. I don’t want to be the one who makes other people feel that way.”
So,folks,make sure you have the best of spirit each day after you wake up! Life would me more meaningful if you view it in a different way and live it to the fullest!! So stay positive y'all!!
1) Determine why you’re shy in the first place. For example, are you scared of what someone might say about your physical appearance? Remember, there’s an underlying reason for how you react in situations.
2) Act as if you’re not shy. In private, behave as if you’re oozing confidence. Hold your chin up, stick your chest out, add a swagger to your walk and speak firmly. It may seem ridiculous, but you will see results when you’re out in public.
3) Practice making eye contact and smiling in your interactions with others. Strike up casual conversations with strangers about weather or current events.
4) Look your best. One way to improve self-consciousness is to always look good and limit ways you can be self-critical.
5) Lower your fear of rejection by imagining the worst possible outcome. If you approach someone, they may say “no” or they may just walk away.
Absolutely everybody has been rejected at some point, but no one has to dwell on it.
6) Look and learn. Watching friends or even strangers who aren’t shy is a good way to learn some tips first-hand.
7) Feel positive about yourself, don’t get frustrated and have fun. Remember, the real goal is to find someone who will like you for who you are.
Keep practising for those who are trying to overcome their shyness. Well,shyness is good sometimes because it is natural in us,but if you are too shy,that is another story...it will just lowering our confident level and consequently our performance....So stay cool and again,stay positive!!
1. If you yelled for 8 years, 7 months and 6 days, you would have produced enough sound energy to heat one cup of coffee. (Hardly seems worth it) 2.Banging your head against a wall uses 150 calories an hour. 3.Right-handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left-handed people do. 4.The ant can lift 50 times its own weight, can pull 30 times its own weight and always falls over on its right side when intoxicated. 5.The catfish has over 27,000 taste buds. 6.A cockroach will live nine days without it's head, before it starves to death. (Creepy) 7.Butterflies taste with their feet. 8.The liquid inside young coconuts can be used as substitute for blood plasma. 9. No piece of paper can be folded in half more than 7 times. 10. Donkeys kill more people annually than plane crashes. 11. You burn more calories sleeping than you do watching television. 12. It's physically impossible for you to lick your elbow. (or can you?) 13. The first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's gum. 14. The king of hearts is the only king without a mustache. 15. A Boeing 747s wingspan is longer than the Wright brother's first flight. 16. American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by eliminating 1 olive from each salad served in first-class. 17. Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise. 18. Apples, not caffeine, are more efficient at waking you up in the morning. 19. Most dust particles in your house are made from dead skin. 20.Almost everyone who reads this will try to lick their elbow
hey there... now I would like to tell you all about my favorite color which is pink.I believe many girls out there share the same interest with me.So,I hope you will enjoy this information about 'our' color pink;
Pink is a pale red color that was first recorded in the 17th century to describe the pale red flowers of pinks, flowering plants in the genus Dianthus. This color stands for beauty, grace and goodness. Pink itself is a combination of red and white. Other tints of pink may be combinations of rose and white, magenta and white, or orange and white. Roseus is a Latin word meaning "rosy" or "pink." Lucretius used the word to describe the dawn in his epic poem On the Nature of Things (De Rerum Natura). The word is also used in the binomial names of several species, such as the Rosy Starling (Sturnus roseus) and Catharanthus roseus.
Pink in gender: In Western culture, the practice of assigning pink to an individual gender began in the 1920s. From then until the 1940s, pink was considered appropriate for boys because it was the more masculine and decided color while blue was considered appropriate for girls because it was the more delicate and dainty color. Since the 1940s, the societal norm apparently inverted so that pink became appropriate for girls and blue appropriate for boys, a practice that has continued into the 21st century.Though the color pink has sometimes been associated with gender stereotypes, some feminists have sought to reclaim it. For example, the Swedish radical feminist party Feminist Initiative uses pink as its color. Pink is the color of the Breast Cancer Awareness ribbon. Pink was chosen partially because it is so strongly associated with femininity. It has been suggested that females prefer pink because of an evolutionary preference for reddish things like ripe fruits and healthy faces. This suggestion, however, has been criticized as unsubstantiated.
When applying for your dream position, you'll need to get the basic right.
This is probably your frist correspondence with a prospective employer, so make your VC and cover letter perfect! Keep your words concise and direct without typos and grammar mistakes.
"When an interviewer's resume pile is several feet high, abad cover letter can reduce your chances of being short-listed and discredit your qualifications," say Nur Haryati Hisyam, human resources manager at Mesiniaga.
Once your letter succeeds in its job, you can start thinking of how to ace the interview. It may not be the frist interview you're had, but you should minimise any hiccups to a possibly exciting career.
Interviews are a fantastic opportunity to shine. Most people can make themselves look good on paper, but interviews are meant to seperate the wheat from the chaff.
PLAN WHAT TO SAY
Prepare the key point you want to get across, and practise how to communicate them clearly.Know the job you're applying for, why you want it and what you can do for the company.
"Research, research, research," say Alicia Ch'ng Lay Im of the business school career services centre at Taylor's University College. "Know the company's background, its produce and services, the market and the competition." Often these detail are as close as the day's newspaper or a few web searches.
Get your clothes ready one day before the interview but don't overdress. Put together any documents you need, along with some pens and writing paper. Try going to bed early even you feel anxious.
Allow plenty of time for your journey on the actual day--you don't want to arrive late and flustered.
DEMONSTRATE CONFIDENCE
First impressions count, so smile and shake hands with the interviewer. Introduce yourself with confidence and optimism. Moniter your own conduct during the whole interview, like eye contact and posture. Ensure that you communicate what you want the interviewer to know, and give your opinions if they're asked for without being too forceful.
Make sure the interviewer knows you are interested in a career rather than a job. Companies invest time and resorces into this application process and they want to feel it's worth their while. So aske about training and what kind of role is expected of you in five or ten years.
If you are trying for a good position at a good company, the interviewer has probably seen many applicants before you. Exert a little more effort to show you are head and shoulder above the rest. "The employment market has becoming increasingly competitive," say's Ch'ng. "Employment market has become more demanding in response."
SPEAKING UP FOR YOURSELF
If you feel the interviwer has not asked you the appropriate questions about your abilities, fill him in on why you the ideal choice with measured humality. Don't be afraid to ask where the company is headed or to suggest ideas.
"Come across as earnest but know your limits," say Nur Haryati. "Good interviewers can pick this up easily and assess the emotionalnmaturity of the candidate."
Above all, you want to show you are a well-rounded individual with balanced interest, a positive attitude, good comunication and interpersonal skills, says Prof. Walter Wong, deputy pro vice-cancellor at Monash University Malaysia. Sample of your work are a great help in some cases.
"This willdiifrentiate you from the other candidates," explain Nur Haryati. "If you are the programmer, have a CD of your past work available. Bring a well-written essay to show the interviewer your writing capability."
ENGAGE THE INTERVIEWER
A good interview is not a one-way street--building a good rapport with the other party goes a long way. Show interest in the interviewer; ask how long he's been with the company and his own career progression. Find some common personal ground if you can, such as hobbies or leisure activities.
Assume you will be invited back and ask about the next step of your application before you leave. Send a follow-up letter or email that contains some relevant thoughts you may have on the interview. Knowing how to close an interview helps your chances as well as knowing how to begin one.
"They forced me to stay indoor at gunpoint. They prevented me from saving her," Ayyad's daughter told IOL.
GAZA CITY — "They killed my mom in cold blood," cried a tearful Heba. "They knocked her to the ground and left her bleed to death." Mariam Ayyad, a 60-year-old grandmother, was minding her own business when armed-to-the- teeth Israeli soldiers raided her building in the village of Abu Dis, east of occupied Al-Quds, on Sunday, September 21.The Israelis hammered the door and stormed their way into the building.She pleaded with them not to terrorize children and women in their sleep but her pleas fell on deaf ears."The occupation forces stormed their way to detain students from Al-Quds University stay in the same building," recalls Heba with tears strolling down her face."When their went to the direction of my brother's flat my mom rushed and blocked their way with her fragile body. She told them that only his kids and wife were sleeping inside," she adds."They started cursing and beating. Suddenly the soldiers pushed her down the stairs," said the grieving daughter choking to the memory.Ayyad's head hit the ground and her blood soon painted the floor."I was speechless and motionless. There my mom was lying in her own blood on the floor," said Heba growing hysterical."I collected myself and rushed to the door to call an ambulance but the Israeli soldiers prevented me," she added."They forced me to stay indoor at gunpoint. They prevented me from saving her."The director of the clinic where Ayyad was eventually later taken said she arrived dead, with a broken skull and possible internal bleeding.But the Israeli military, as always, denied responsibility saying she only fell on a stairway.No `EidThe tragic death of Ayyad is casting a gloomy shadow over not only her immediate family, but the entire village."I can not imagine our life without her," Heba tells mourners who flock to the family's house to show solidarity."Her laugh echo in my ears and I can see her in every inch of the house."Ayyad's forced absence is leaving a huge vacuum."How would we spend the rest of Ramadan? Who will wake us up for suhur and Fajr," cried her daughter."Who would play with the kids and buy them new clothes for `Eid?"`Eid Al-Fitr, one of the two main religious festivals on the Islamic calendar, marks the end of the holy fasting month of Ramadan."Why did they kill her?" Heba says gazing at her mom's picture on the wall.
The iceberg? a 'piece' of fresh water from glacier that floating in the ocean. i had found the article about iceberg at wikipedia website and also at www.cdli.ca that tell quite detail about this giant ice. Long ago, earth had been covered by ice before its melting and become ocean and land. Based on the articles, iceberg can be found at the Greenland, a place near Artic and also at the Antartica. Iceberg had been captured in a breathtaking movie - The Titanic and the main cause that made the ship sank. Iceberg come in vary size, from 1 metre till over 75 metre height. But now, there are less iceberg can be found at North and South Pole as they are melting caused by the global warming. That's why the sea level is rising and flood frequently happened in few countries. For your information, this 'giant ice' can move as fast as 7 km per year (in Greenland) and become the habitat for birds, pinguin and also some kind of artic animals. Watch out for this iceberg as it has small size outer the sea water and the rest is gigantic ice size inside the water. So, don't try to pick up the iceberg if you see them floating on the sea in a very small size. You can't lift them up!
I very interested with this article which is about Michael Dell who built a successful computer business. He was quite excited about the possibilities for personal computer and how they could change society. Meanwhile as a customer, he was disappointed that when he went to a computer store, the sales people didn`t know about computer. So he had this idea to sell the products directly to the user over the phone and internet. Although he and his father came to an agreement that he would focus on his studies, the business possibilities were to compelling to ignore, and the timing couldn’t have been better.”I want compete with IBM”. There is what he says in his autobiography. Actually at the time, IBM personal computer sold in stores for about 3000 dollars. Then, he dropped out of university and started Dell Computer Corporation with 1000 dollars. In March 2004, Dell stepped down as CEO to focus on research and technology. As a technology leader, Dell wants to use his position to solve society’s bigger problems, like health care. Most important, Dell will ensure that we deliver the kind of support our customers expect, in tools and technology. One new tool called DellConnect, enable the tech staff to the customer’s computer and fix the problem on the spot or show the customer how to do it. In February, Dell rolled out IdaeStorm a forum for users to brainstorm that works, what doesn’t and what new features theirs like to see introduced. ”we take the customer’s input and design the product and services, “says Dell .As for how long the reorganization will take, Dell says, “It took us some time to get into this challenges ,and will take us some time to get out of them. I think 8 months”.
Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness. Contemporary medicine applies health science, biomedical research, and medical technology to diagnose and treat injury and disease, typically through medication, surgery, or some other form of therapy. The word medicine is derived from the Latin ars medicina, meaning the art of healing.Though medical technology and clinical expertise are pivotal to contemporary medicine, successful face-to-face relief of actual suffering continues to require the application of ordinary human feeling and compassion, known in English as bedside manner. Physician treating a patient. Louvre Museum, Paris, France.Prehistoric medicine incorporated plants (herbalism), animal parts and minerals. In many cases these materials were used ritually as magical substances by priests, shamans, or medicine men. Well-known spiritual systems include animism (the notion of inanimate objects having spirits), spiritualism (an appeal to gods or communion with ancestor spirits); shamanism (the vesting of an individual with mystic powers); and divination (magically obtaining the truth). The field of medical anthropology studies the various prehistoric medical systems and their interaction with society.
Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit, a concept closely tied to religious belief and faith, a transcendent reality, or one or more deities. Spiritual matters are thus those matters regarding humankind's ultimate nature and purpose, not only as material biological organisms, but as beings with a unique relationship to that which is perceived to be beyond both time and the material world. Spirituality also implies the mind-body dichotomy, which indicates a separation between the body and soul.
As such, the spiritual is traditionally contrasted with the material, the temporal and the worldly. A perceived sense of connection forms a central defining characteristic of spirituality connection to a metaphysical reality greater than oneself, which may include an emotional experience of religious awe and reverence, or such states as satori or nirvana. Equally importantly, spirituality relates to matters of sanity and of psychological health. Spirituality is the personal, subjective dimension of religion, particularly that which pertains to liberation or salvation.
Spirituality as a way of life concerns itself with aligning the human will and mind with that dimension of life and the universe that is harmonious and ordered. As such spiritual disciplines which are often part of an established religious tradition enjoin practitioners trainees or disciples to cultivate those higher potentialities of the human being that are more noble and refined wisdom and virtue. Accordingly, many spiritual traditions across diverse cultures share similar vocabulary. Terms such as the "path", the "work", the "practice" are universally applied to the ongoing discipline involved in transforming the coarser energies present in the human soul into more subtle and pleasing ones. As a spiritual practitioner one seeks to become free of the lesser egoic self or ego in favor of being more fully one's "true" "Self".
Commonly known as the Festival of Lights, the celebration of Deepavali (or Diwali) marks the triumph of good over evil, the victory of light over dark.
Gazetted by the Government as a one-day public holiday, it is celebrated here in Malaysia by the Hindu community - mainly consisting those of Indian ethnic origin - during the seventh month of the Hindu lunar calendar, which usually falls in either October or November.
Lighting up to celebrate the triumph of good over evil And it is not called the Festival of Lights for nothing, for it is celebrated with a joyful vivacity, with bright lights and even brighter smiles, as though to underline the traditional meaning and message behind it. Even the word "Deepavali" is etymologically derived from the Sanskrit word that literally means "row of lights".
Let there be light Deepavali owes its origins to the epic stories narrated in the Hindu religious scriptures.
Perhaps the most popular origin story is recounted in the Ramayana in which Lord Rama reunites with his wife Sita following a 14-year exile, and after having killed the demon king Ravana.
Hindu devotees visiting a Sivan temple. In the epic tale, the denizens of the kingdom of Ayodhya celebrated the prince's triumphant return to his homeland and later, his ascension to the throne, by lighting up their homes and the streets with earthen oil lamps.
This happened on the night of the new moon and is commemorated hence, as the celebration of Deepavali. However, the story of Lord Rama's victory over Ravana is only one out of many that is said to have given rise to this annual celebration.
One other popular tale remembered during the occasion is that of the battle between Lord Krishna and the evil asura (demon) Narakasura. Krishna emerged victorious after a long and drawn-out struggle, and his victory was celebrated with the lighting of lamps.
Yet others believe that Deepavali marks the day when the prideful and evil Mahishasura was vanquished at the hands of the goddess Kali.
Variations notwithstanding, these stories share a common thread; that of the removal of evil, to be replaced by that which is good.
This sense of renewal is reflected in the way Hindus prepare themselves for Deepavali.
Hi....for this time I would like to share a story about LOVE. The title is A BOX FULL OF KISSES. This story about love of a children to his father. At first, she was punished when decorate a box of his father. His father was angry when she give it. Then, when the box full of kisses,he realize his daughter love him very much. He appreciate it and always remember his daughter's kisses even after his child had an accident.
Here there are a few steps to be a great friend to everyone: 1. Be Loyal. Always stick up for your friend and trust them, no matter what. No matter how tempted you may feel to join another side or leave them by themselves, make sure you always come through for them and show them that you'll always be loyal for them. If your best friend knows that, you're off to a good start. 2. Listen. Nobody likes a best friend who just talks and talks, but never listens. If you're a chatterbox, it's okay if you're also a good listener. Whenever your best friend says something, listen carefully and say something. Don't just say "yeah" and move on. Don't interupt or fidget continually while they're talking to you. If they ask for advice, listen carefully and give them the best advise you can. It'll earn you respect and of course, make them come to you more. 3. Be trustworthy. If they tell you a secret, keep it. Don't even leak it out to someone you know you can trust. A secret is a secret. Don't gossip about your best friend, don't say anything that might turn into a rumor, and don't do things that you know would upset them. For example, if you both had a crush on the same person and they asked you out, don't just say yes. Make sure you know your best friend is okay with it. Things like that are sometimes hard to do, but if you want a solid friendship you have to be trustworthy. 4. Stick up for them. Sitting and watching your best friend get picked on or teased is definitely not going to earn you a brownie badge in best friends. If your best friend is getting seriously bullied and you're scared you'll get hurt if you get involved, then get help from a teacher or parents. If you can stick up for them without getting harmed yourself, make sure you do so. Sometimes you can feel totally better after being picked on when a friend tells everyone else to shut up and clear off. 5. Spend time together. Hang out on the weekends every now and then, do some homework together, and chat during break at school. You don't have to live in each others' pockets, but make sure you spend some quality time together with your best friend to make the friendship grow and become stronger. 6. Be yourself. Being yourself around someone is part of what makes you guys best friends. Be best friends with someone who you know you can be yourself around, because it isn't worth it trying to be someone you're not so you can be closer to someone. Don't hold things in either, so if you feel uncomfortable or have hard feelings against your best friend, talk about it with them. Make things comfortable between you two, and you'll both go through thick and thin together. 7. Care for your best friend. If they're away from home, send them cards or care packages to show that you care. If they're sick, call them and ask how they are doing. Best friends care for each other. Show them you appreciate their presence in your life. Write them notes to show that you care and are thankful for them, and ask about their lives. Share your own stories, but make sure you have time for them.
"A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out."
The world has opened eyes to the harmful side-effects of non-veg food like red meat and is now opening arms to Vegetarian Food. A very common myth found among common man is that vegetarian food doesnt provide you with necessary nutrients but a Vegetarian Diet, in no ways, is deprived of necessary nutrients, only if you have a balanced Vegetarian Diet. Make sure you eat a lot of fruits and dont follow particular monotonous meals.
vegetarian source for these nutrients:
a) Iron:you can find it in Cashews, tomato juice, rice, and tofu. b) Calcium:can be found in dairy products, fortified soymilk, fortified orange juice, tofu and broccoli. c) Zinc:can be have from Whole grains (especially the germ and bran of the grain), nuts, tofu, leafy vegetables (lettuce, spinach, cabbage), root vegetables (onions, potatoes, carrots, celery, radishes), eggs and dairy products. d) Protien:in tempeh, miso lentils, tofu, nuts, seeds, and peas. e) Vitamin D:in fortified cereals (or a small amount of sunlight) and Fortified milk and soymilk f) Vitamin B12:from tempeh, miso, eggs, dairy products, fortified soymilk and cereals.. Tempeh and miso are foods made from soybeans.
Taking a more global view, it notes that obesity is caused by a complex and multitude of inter-related causes, “fuelled by economic and psychosocial factors as well as increased availability of energy dense food and reduced physical activity.”
Food systems causes of obesity
The main problem has been the increased availability of high energy food, because of: * Liberalized international food markets * Food subsidies that have arguably distorted the food supply in favour of less healthy food stuffs * Transnational food companies [that] have flooded the global market with cheap to produce, energy dense, nutrient empty foods * Supermarkets and food service chains [that are] encouraging bulk purchases, convenience foods, and supersized portions * Healthy eating often being more expensive than less healthy options, (despite global food prices having dropped on average). * Marketing, especially “food advertising through television [which] aims to persuade individuals—particularly children—that they desire foods high in saturated fats, sugars, and salt.”
The local environment and obesity How people live, what factors make them active or sedentary are also a factor. For exapmle, * Research, mainly in high income countries, indicates that local urban planning and design can influence weight in several ways. * For example, levels of physical activity are affected by o Connected streets and the ability to walk from place to place o Provision of and access to local public facilities and spaces for recreation and play * The increasing reliance on cars leads to physical inactivity, and while a long-time problem in rich countries, is a growing problem in developing countries.
Social conditions and obesity * Working and living conditions, such as having enough money for a healthy standard of living, underpin compliance with national health guidelines * Increasingly less job control, security, flexibility of working hours, and access to paid family leave … undermining the material and psychosocial resources necessary for empowering individuals and communities to make healthy living choices. * Inequality, which can lead to different groups being disadvantaged and having less access to needed resources and healthier foods
Here i would like to share two short-story that I already read. I hope You can get point for both story. First story is HIGH AND LIFTED UP. This story happened in autumn,windy day. It is about Tommy, a boy played outside. He always wish to be a leaf and ran out into the yard among the swirl of colors. When his mother looked for him, he was not there. he knew a life of leaf when he tried to safe the maple life from fire but the leaf cannot see. Then Tommy want to have fun on the dump but luckily his mother come and save him from fire. Lastly his mother give him a leaf and said "You can have a thousand leaf but a thousand leaf cannot replace You in my heart".
For the second short-story is LOVE AND TIME. This story about an island that have all the felling like on it. One day, the island sunk, love the only one who stayed there. As the island almost sunk, love asked for help. Nobody help love except an elder. When love asked knowledge about the felling that help, knowledge said it was time because only time is capable to understand how valuable love is.
1. Your brain loves color. Use colored pens – good quality, not gel pens – or use colored paper. Color helps memory.
2. Your brain can effectively focus and concentrate for up to 25 minutes (adults). Take a 10-minute break after every 20-30 minutes of studying. Go do some chores: rake the lawn, iron a shirt, vacuum. Come back after 10 minutes and do another focused, intense session.
3. Your brain needs to be rested to learn fast and remember best. If you are tired take a 20-minute nap first otherwise you are wasting your study time.
4. Your brain loves questions. When you come up with questions in class or when reading a book, your brain automatically searches for answers, making the learning faster. A good question has more than one answer.
5. Your brain and body have their own rhythm cycles: there are times during the day when you are more alert than others. You will save time learning if you study during your peak periods. If you have a part-time job that happens during your peak period you may wan to reconsider if it is wise to be giving your employer your best learning time.
6. Your brain and body communicate constantly. If your body is slouched down, the message the brain gets is that “this is not important” and so it doesn’t pay as close attention. In any learning situation, sit up and lean forward to help keep your mind alert. Buy a good quality, adjustable the chair.
7. Your brain is affected by smells. Use aromatherapy to keep your brain alert. Peppermint, lemon and cinnamon are good ones to experiment with.
8. Your brain needs oxygen. Get out there and exercise.
9. Your brain needs space. Be sure that you are not trying to study in a small cramped area.
10. Your brain needs repetition. It is better to do short frequent reviews than one long review because what counts is how many times your brain sees something, not how long is sees it in one sitting.
11. Your brain can understand faster than you can read. Use a pencil or finger to “lead” your eyes. By doing so you help your eyes move more quickly.
12. Your brain seeks patterns and connections. When you are learning something, ask yourself, “What does this remind me of?” This will also help your memory because it connects the new knowledge to something you already know.
13. Your brain loves fun. We learn in direct proportion to how much fun we are having. Learning is life. Live it up!
This is the safest and universal conversation-starter. Wherever you are, something’s always happening around you. There are people, or cars, or queues, or something else. Even if there is nothing happening, you can make a comment about that! Use a bit of humor in your comment and most of the time you will get a favorable answer.
For example:
- Hi,today very hot right, I see you are also shivering/sweating. By the way, my name is Jay. What is your name?
2. Inquiring about something unusual in their appearance.
This requires some skill but after a while you will be able to pick up something in an instant. It can be a tattoo, a piece of jewelry, a handbag, or even an unusual color. People don’t buy things at random. They buy them and wear them because they LIKE them, or because they MEAN something to them. They have some pleasant emotion attached to it. If you mention this thing, you can tap into this pleasant emotion and they will consider your advances more favorably.
For example:
- Hi, I was looking at your earrings; they are exactly what I was looking for, as a present for my sister. Where did you get them? And by the way, my name is Jay.
3. Asking for a comment from a woman’s/man’s point of view.
This is my favorite! For some mysterious reason, we just LOVE rendering our opinion as a woman/man. This is such a successful conversation-starter; you can use it anywhere, on anyone. Even 90-year-old grannies will be happy to answer your inquiries.
For example:
- Hi! I am Jay. My friend and I were talking about what women value the most in men they date, and could not agree. Could you please help us out with a woman’s opinion?
students.. International variations Students in rural Sudan, 2002 Over one thousand students in uniform during an assembly at a secondary school in Singapore.
[edit] Australia
In Australia, after Kindergarten, children begin primary school, starting with 'grade prep' and continuing 'grade one', 'grade two' through to 'grade six'. They then move on to secondary school (also known as high school) for 'year seven' through to 'year twelve'. After year twelve, students may pursue tertiary education at university or TAFE (technical and further education). Children in primary and secondary school are all referred to as students. The term student is used for all learners including primary school, secondary school and university/TAFE.
[edit] Canada
In Canada, special terms are occasionally used. In English provinces, the high school (known as Academy or secondary school) years can be referred to simply as first, second, third, fourth and fifth year. Some areas call it by grade such as Grade 10, Grade 11 and Grade 12. Provincial variations can include Grade 9 in High School, though most in most provinces, Grades 10 through 12 are considered High School, with Grades 7 through 9 called "Junior High." In university, students are classified as first-, second-, third-, or fourth-year students. In some occasions, they can be called Senior Ones, Twos, Threes, and Fours. First years are commonly known as "frosh", and the first week of university for first year students is commonly known as Frosh week.
[edit] Continental Europe
In Belgian universities, first-year students are called schacht in Flemish, or bleu in French.
[edit] United Kingdom and Ireland
The term student is usually reserved for people studying at University level in the UK. Children studying at school are called pupils.
In England and Wales, teenagers in the last two years of school are called "sixth formers". If pupils follow the average pattern of school attendance, pupils will be in the "lower sixth" between the ages of 16 and 17, and the "upper sixth" between 17 and 18. They "go up" to University after the upper sixth.
In Scotland pupils sit Highers at the end of fifth year (when aged 16-17) after which it is possible for them to gain entry to university. However, many do not achieve the required grades and remain at school for sixth year. Even among those that do achieve the necessary grades it is common to remain at school and undertake further study (i.e. other subjects or Advanced Highers) and then start university at the same time as their friends and peers.
At universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland the term "fresher" is used to describe new students who are just beginning their first year. It would be unusual to call someone a fresher after their first few weeks at University. There is little derogatory connotation to this name in the UK, except for an occasional reference to "freshers" in a tone that implies naivety. More commonly, it will be used in a kindly fashion. For instance, a University official might ask a student if they are a fresher without any hint of a put down.
The term "first year" is the more commonly used, and connotation free, term for students in their first year. The week at the start of a new year is called "Freshers' Week" or "Welcome Week", with a programme of special events to welcome new students. An undergraduate in the last year of study before graduation is generally known as a "finalist", or simply a third year (in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland ) or a fourth year (in Scotland and the Republic of Ireland).
The ancient Scottish University of St Andrews uses the terms "bejant" for a first year (from the French "bec-jaune" – "yellow beak", "fledgling"). Second years are called "semi-bejants", third years are known as "tertians", and fourth years, or others in their final year of study, are called "magistrands".
For pupils, first of all is primary school and it starts off with Reception (similar to Kindergarten) and then move on to "year one, year two" and so on until "year six". Children join secondary school in year 7 (when they are 11-12 year olds) up to year 11 and then after is sixth form, whereas a student entering a fee-paying school (usually a year later) would join the "third form" — equivalent to year 9 — many schools have an alternate name for first years, some with a derogatory basis, but in others acting merely as a description — for example "shells" (non-derogatory) or "grubs" (derogatory).
NST Online » World News (Agence France - Presse) Pakistan quake kills 170, leaves thousands homeless
Thousands of people in mountainous southwest Pakistan on Wednesday bedded down for a freezing night in the open, after a powerful earthquake destroyed their homes and killed at least 170. The 6.4-magnitude pre-dawn quake flattened mud houses and triggered landslides in the impoverished province of Baluchistan, killing or injuring their occupants as they slept. Survivors were sent screaming into the streets in panic, eyewitnesses said. At least eight villages were badly hit by the massive tremors, local police and officials said, voicing fears that some 46,000 people living in the wider region could now be in need of shelter and other assistance.
An AFP correspondent in one of the worst-affected villages, Wam, said emergency tents had not yet arrived and exhausted villagers had hunkered down in the ruined shells of their homes as temperatures plunged below zero.
They spent the day in a desperate search for loved ones or burying the dead in mass graves, as aftershocks nearly as big as the initial quake pounded the landscape, sending rocks spewing from nearby peaks and sparking fresh panic.
"The local graveyard has been devastated and we have no alternative. We have to bury them in mass graves," said local teacher Malik Abdul Hamid, 35. He said he had lost 15 family members.
"We have so far buried 140 bodies in two mass graves. The dead were mostly women and children."
Dilawar Kakar, mayor of the historic hill town of Ziarat, about 50 kilometres (30 miles) north of the provincial capital Quetta, told AFP the death toll stood at 170, while about 400 people in the area were injured.
Virtually all houses were reduced to rubble either in the initial quake or by aftershocks. Schools and hospitals were also damaged, he added.
Earlier Khushal Khan, spokesman for the provincial revenue minister Zamarak Khan, said local people had told him about 6,000 people have been made homeless and in one case, 29 members of the same family died.
Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani both expressed their condolences to relatives of those killed and injured, the state-run Associated Press of Pakistan said.
Neighbour and rival India quickly offered any help that might be required while Turkey's Red Crescent and other foreign aid agencies said they too stood ready to assist.
Two teams from the International Committee of the Red Cross have already arrived in the area and are assessing the situation and the needs of the survivors, the humanitarian body said from Geneva.
The first official government figures from the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) put the death toll at 115 so far, with nearly 300 injured, its chairman, retired Lieutenant General Farooq Ahmed, told a news conference.
Most of the victims were from outlying villages, but buildings collapsed in Ziarat and communications were cut while the main road to Quetta was also hit, with wide cracks and boulders blocking the way, an AFP reporter said.
Soldiers, helicopters, tents, blankets, food and medical help have been sent from Quetta to Ziarat and an aerial assessment of the damage has begun, the Pakistani military said.
The NDMA's Ahmed said the situation was under control and there was no need for external aid.
But Ziarat's mayor said the 3,000 tents sent so far were not enough.
"We have asked the government to send at least 10,000 tents as the temperature in the mountainous town is sub-zero and people need shelter during the night," he added.
There were no immediate reports of casualties or structural damage in neighbouring Afghanistan, which borders the province, police there said.
Ziarat is a historic hill resort famed for its juniper forests. It receives visitors from all over Pakistan in summer who come to see the holiday home of the country's founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah.
A 7.6-magnitude earthquake in northwest Pakistan and Kashmir killed 74,000 people and displaced 3.5 million in October 2005.
In 1935 a massive quake killed around 30,000 people in Quetta, which at the time was part of British-ruled India.
MY wise friends always tell me that as you get older, life becomes more complicated.
I used to think it was the other way around because people take you seriously when you are an adult. Therefore, you cannot wait to grow up to make your own decisions.
While going through the journey to adulthood, I believe that things happen for a reason and certain events have a meaning or a message.
During Hari Raya, I attended many open houses. These occasions are always a great opportunity to catch up with family and friends, especially my pals who have just started their own families and socialising is their last priority. The story that I want to share with you today is not about the meaning of Ramadan and Hari Raya or the spirit of the religious holiday season (regardless of one’s faith). It is more about appreciating family.
Prior to the Beijing Olympic Games, I wrote about how strong a role our parents play in our lives. Just ask any Olympian — who does all the hard work behind the scenes?
Most would say their mums and dads. As much as we love our folks, there are days when we still have arguments with them. But both parties will forgive each other eventually because they are family.
When attending the open houses, it was a pleasant experience to see the smiles on young and old faces because they had their family around them.
This joyous moment also made me feel a bit sad for those who did not even know what family is because they are orphans.
I remember an expatriate friend once told me that I was the richest man in the world.
When I asked him “why?”, he responded, “You have a family that cares for you and that is something money can’t buy.”
Recently I attended the open house of Media Prima chairman Datuk Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Razak.
The function was an excellent affair filled with great food and hospitality.
Abdul Mutalib and his wife Datin Radziah Mohd Daud made sure everybody was well fed and comfortable.
In fact, Abdul Mutalib prepared the mee rebus himself.
The highlight of this open house was not so much the food or catching up with good friends, but that it was for residents from Pusat Penjagaan Anak-Anak Yatim & Ibu Tunggal, Taman Medan, Petaling Jaya.
The children do not have family to visit during Raya or even share life’s special moments.
They have not started life in the ideal way, and I pray that their journey of growing up and decision making will be less stressful now.
Not only did they get to enjoy a good selection of food, but they were also given duit raya and Media Prima gifts such as caps, writing material and T-shirts.
Abdul Mutalib and his wife have been inviting orphans to their house every year for some time.
Abdul Mutalib said: “It gives us joy to see the children enjoying themselves.”
He also stressed that “we should try and give back to society because not everyone has a loving home and family. This is something that we have tried to emphasise to our children while they were growing up.”
For Radziah, providing for underprivileged children is one of her passions.
She is a retired matron and has been involved in early childhood education over the last 20 years.
Her resume is impressive. She is a member of the Pre-school Curriculum Development Committee of the Education Ministry, Curriculum Development committee member of Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat, and consultant for development of children’s educational holiday camps and Born to Read projects.
She has won numerous awards for her contribution to society, but she shied away from telling me her achievements.
When I asked the host and hostess their motivation behind the orphans programme, they said: “It’s simple. It’s our pride and joy. A smile goes a long way.”
Further information: List of oldest universities in continuous operation
Representation of a university class in the 1350s
The original Latin word "universitas", first used in time of renewed interest in Classical Greek and Roman tradition, tried to reflect this feature of the Academy of Plato (established 385 BC). The term "academia" is sometimes extended to a number of educational institutions of non-Western antiquity, including China, India and Persia:
* Academies such as Shang Hsiang, and later Taixue and Guozijian, succeeded by the medieval Academies of Classical Learning * Taxila[2] in Gandhara and the Buddhist Nalanda University[3] in Bihar, India (5th century BC) * The Sassanid Academy of Gundishapur was founded in the 5th century in Persia/Iran.
The University of Constantinople, founded as an institution of higher learning in 425 and reorganized as a corporation of students in 849 by the regent Bardas of emperor Michael III, is considered by some to be the earliest institution of higher learning with some of the characteristics we associate today with a university (research and teaching, auto-administration, academic independence, et cetera). If a university is defined as "an institution of higher learning" then it is preceded by several others, including the Academy that it was founded to compete with and eventually replaced. If the original meaning of the word is considered "a corporation of students" then this could be the first example of such an institution.[4]
If the definition of a university is assumed to mean an institution of higher education and research which issues academic degrees at all levels (bachelor, master and doctorate) like in the modern sense of the word, then the medieval Madrasahs known as Jami'ah ("university" in Arabic) founded in the 9th century would be the first examples of such an institution.[5][6] The University of Al Karaouine in Fez, Morocco is thus recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest degree-granting university in the world with its founding in 859 by Fatima al-Fihri.[7] Also in the 9th century, Bimaristan medical schools were founded in the medieval Islamic world, where medical degrees and diplomas were issued to students of Islamic medicine who were qualified to be a practicing Doctor of Medicine.[6][8] Al-Azhar University, founded in Cairo, Egypt in 975, was a Jami'ah university which offered a variety of post-graduate degrees (Ijazah),[6] and had individual faculties[9] for a theological seminary, Islamic law and jurisprudence, Arabic grammar, Islamic astronomy, early Islamic philosophy, and logic in Islamic philosophy.[6]
Medieval universities The University of Salamanca in Spain, founded 1218
Main article: Medieval university
The first higher education institution in medieval Europe was the University of Constantinople, followed by the University of Salerno (9th century), the Preslav Literary School and Ohrid Literary School in the Bulgarian Empire (9th century). The first degree-granting universities in Europe were the University of Bologna (1088), the University of Paris (c. 1150, later associated with the Sorbonne), the University of Oxford (1167), the University of Cambridge (1209), the University of Salamanca (1218), the University of Montpellier (1220), the University of Padua (1222), the University of Naples Federico II (1224), and the University of Toulouse (1229).[10][11] Some scholars such as George Makdisi,[5] John Makdisi[12] and Hugh Goddard[13] argue that these medieval universities were influenced in many ways by the medieval Madrasah institutions in Islamic Spain, the Emirate of Sicily, and the Middle East (during the Crusades).
The earliest universities in Western Europe were developed under the aegis of the Catholic Church, usually as cathedral schools or by papal bull as Studia Generali (NB: The development of cathedral schools into Universities actually appears to be quite rare, with the University of Paris being an exception - see Leff, Paris and Oxford Universities), later they were also founded by Kings (Charles University in Prague, Jagiellonian University in Krakow) or municipal administrations (University of Cologne, University of Erfurt). In the early medieval period, most new universities were founded from pre-existing schools, usually when these schools were deemed to have become primarily sites of higher education. Many historians state that universities and cathedral schools were a continuation of the interest in learning promoted by monasteries.
In Europe, young men proceeded to university when they had completed their study of the trivium–the preparatory arts of grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic or logic–and the quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. (See Degrees of the University of Oxford for the history of how the trivium and quadrivium developed in relation to degrees, especially in anglophone universities).
Outside of Europe, there were many notable institutions of learning throughout history. In China, there was the famous Hanlin Academy, established during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), and was once headed by the Chancellor Shen Kuo (1031-1095), a famous Chinese scientist, inventor, mathematician, and statesman.[citation needed]
Modern universities The tower of the University of Coimbra, the oldest Portuguese university
Main article: History of European research universities
The end of the medieval period marked the beginning of the transformation of universities that would eventually result in the modern research university. Many external influences, such as eras of humanism, Enlightenment, Reformation, and revolution, shaped research universities during their development.
By the 18th century, universities published their own research journals, and by the 19th century, the German and the French university models had arisen. The German, or Humboldtian model, was conceived by Wilhelm von Humboldt and based on Friedrich Schleiermacher’s liberal ideas pertaining to the importance of freedom, seminars, and laboratories in universities.[citation needed] The French university model involved strict discipline and control over every aspect of the university.
Until the 19th century, religion played a significant role in university curriculum; however, the role of religion in research universities decreased in the 19th century, and by the end of the 19th century, the German university model had spread around the world. Universities concentrated on science in the 19th and 20th centuries and become increasingly accessible to the masses. In Britain the move from industrial revolution to modernity saw the arrival of new civic universities with an emphasis on science and engineering. The British also established universities worldwide, and higher education became available to the masses not only in Europe. In a general sense, the basic structure and aims of universities have remained constant over the years.[citation needed]
In computer engineering, computer architecture is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It is a blueprint and functional description of requirements (especially speeds and interconnections) and design implementations for the various parts of a computer — focusing largely on the way by which the central processing unit (CPU) performs internally and accesses addresses in memory.
It may also be defined as the science and art of selecting and interconnecting hardware components to create computers that meet functional, performance and cost goals.
Computer architecture comprises at least three main subcategories:[1]
* Instruction set architecture, or ISA, is the abstract image of a computing system that is seen by a machine language (or assembly language) programmer, including the instruction set, memory address modes, processor registers, and address and data formats.
* Microarchitecture, also known as Computer organization is a lower level, more concrete and detailed, description of the system that involves how the constituent parts of the system are interconnected and how they interoperate in order to implement the ISA.[2] The size of a computer's cache for instance, is an organizational issue that generally has nothing to do with the ISA.
* System Design which includes all of the other hardware components within a computing system such as:
1. system interconnects such as computer buses and switches 2. memory controllers and hierarchies 3. CPU off-load mechanisms such as direct memory access 4. issues like multi-processing.
Once both ISA and microarchitecture has been specified, the actual device needs to be designed into hardware. This design process is called implementation. Implementation is usually not considered architectural definition, but rather hardware design engineering.
Implementation can be further broken down into three (not fully distinct) pieces:
* Logic Implementation - design of blocks defined in the microarchitecture at (primarily) the register-transfer and gate levels. * Circuit Implementation - transistor-level design of basic elements (gates, multiplexers, latches etc) as well as of some larger blocks (ALUs, caches etc) that may be implemented at this level, or even (partly) at the physical level, for performance reasons. * Physical Implementation - physical circuits are drawn out, the different circuit components are placed in a chip floor-plan or on a board and the wires connecting them are routed.
For CPUs, the entire implementation process is often called CPU design.
More specific usages of the term include more general wider-scale hardware architectures, such as cluster computing and Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures.
English is a west Germanic language originating in England and is the first language for most people in United States, United Kingdom, Canada,Australia , New Zealand , Ireland and Anglophone Caribbean. It is used extensively as a second language and as an official language throughout the world, especially in Commonwealth countries and in many international organisations. Modern English , sometimes described as the first global lingua franca is the dominant international language in communications, science, business, aviation, entertainment, radio and diplomacy. The initial reason for its enormous spread beyond the bounds of the British Isles where it was originally a native tongue was the British Empire, and by the late nineteenth century its influence had won a truly global reach. It is the dominant language in the United States and the growing economic and cultural influence and status as a global superpower since World War II has significantly accelerated adoption of English as a language across the planet.
A working knowledge of English has become a requirement in a number of fields, occupations and professions such as medicine and as a consequence over a billion people speak English to at least a basic level (see English language learning and teaching).
Linguists such as David Crystal recognize that one impact of this massive growth of English, in common with other global languages, has been to reduce native linguistic diversity in many parts of the world historically, most particularly in Australasia and North America, and its huge influence continues to play an important role in language attrition. By a similar token, historical linguists, aware of the complex and fluid dynamics of language change, are always alive to the potential English contains through the vast size and spread of the communities that use it and its natural internal variety, such as in its creoles and pidgins, to produce a new family of distinct languages over time.
English is one of six official languages of the United Nations.
Get Instant Energy Your body creates energy from nutrients, oxygen and invigorating stimuli, such as fragrance. Natural mood, beauty and body boosters such as these suit our increasingly busy lives because they provide an instant lift and are so simple to do each day.
Massage your ears. According to traditional Chinese medicine, stimulating acupressure points on your ears increases blood circulation, and thus energy. Vigorously rub your ears all over for about a minute. They should start to feel hot and, almost immediately, you should feel more alert. Start at the lobe and massage to the top of the ear.
Taking a power shower. Sprinkle eucalyptus oil on the floor of your shower before stepping in. Stand under steaming hot water and rub your body with loofah. The eucalyptus scent stimulates your brain, while the hot water and the rub-down increase blood flow, sending oxygen to your cells where it's transformed into energy.
Wake up with a break. Your body can only handle about 45 minutes of sitting without becoming fatigued. Get up and march around briskly for three to five minutes, or do some quick stretches or squats.
Make a splash. Dip a face washer in cold water and wet both the front and back of your neck. Then gargle with cold water for a couple of seconds. Your neck and throat are rich with sensitive nerves, and by stimulating them with the cold water, you shock them into the ‘fight-or-flight' reaction, which temporarily shifts more blood towards your brain
My comment:Peoples nowadays are easily getting tired because of work load so,its better to get a fast source of energy to charge up the body system...and the best way is by following the tips given..
Today I would like to share the personality traits of the twelve signs of horoscope in the western astrology that we use to refer at. While reading you also can check how may percent that is correct about yourself or others.
• Aries (The Ram) (fire, cardinal, personal) From dates March 21 to April 19. Keyword: "I am". Freedom-loving, assertive, individualistic, independent, intellectual, pioneering, leader, action-oriented, fiery, straightforward, passionate, powerful. Can be extreme, arrogant, intemperate, violent, headstrong, impulsive.
•Taurus (The Bull) (earth, fixed, personal) From dates April 20 to May 20. Keyword: "I have". Resourceful, thorough, devoted, patient, sensual, affectionate, cautious, musical, artistic, solid, earthy, strong, sturdy, kind. Can be slow, possessive, stubborn, acquisitive, indulgent.
•Gemini (The Twins) (air, mutable, personal) From dates May 21 to June 21. Keyword: "I think". Logical, inquisitive, lively, active, curious, multi-tasking, talkative, sociable, duality, mercurial, whimsical. Can be superficial, two-faced, inconstant, restless, impulsive, headstrong, stubborn.
•Cancer (The Crab) (water, cardinal, personal) From dates June 22 to July 22. Keyword: "I feel". Protective, sensitive, tenacious, family and home oriented, helpful, nurturing, watery, emotional, loving. Can be crabby, clinging, moody, worrying, pessimistic.
•Leo (The Lion) (fire, fixed, social) From dates July 23 to August 22. Keyword: "I will". Generous, proud, theatrical, passionate, sunny, bright, kingly, powerful, loves attention, dramatic, independent, noble, creative, leader. Can be arrogant, bossy, boastful, egotistic, snobbish.
•Virgo (The Virgin) (earth, mutable, social) From August 23 to September 22. Keyword: "I analyze". Practical, imaginative, creative, efficient, critical, work and service oriented, common sense, modest, health conscious, mentally active, helpful, flexible. Can be pedantic, fussy, over-critical, worrying, over fastidious.
•Libra (The Scales) (air, cardinal, social) From dates September 23 to October 23. Keyword: "I balance". Co-operative, diplomatic, urbane, fair, needs partnerships, refined, balanced, graceful, charming, debative, just, open-minded, social. Can be lazy, indecisive, dull, rationalizing.
•Scorpio (The Scorpion) (water, fixed, social) From dates October 24 to November 22. Keyword: "I desire". Passionate, secretive, powerful, keenly perceptive, deep, complex, analytical, inquisitive, resourceful, magnetic, intense, hypnotic, sexual, perspicacious, creative, vigorous, untameable, ambitious. Can be jealous, controlling, possessive, aggressive, cunning, cruel.
•Sagittarius (The Archer) (fire, mutable, universal) From November 23 to December 21. Keyword: "I perceive". Freedom loving, straightforward, extrovert, philosophical, intellectual, fun-loving, arrogant, adventurous, expansive, optimistic. Can be blundering, scattered, careless, jealous, too-serious, tactless.
•Capricorn (The Sea-goat) (earth, cardinal, universal) From dates December 22 to January 19. Keyword: "I use". Prudent, cautious, patient, methodical, practical, reserved, ambitious, authoritative, competent. Can be saturnine, suspicious, rigid, cunning, over-cautious, pessimistic.
•Aquarius (The Water Carrier) (air, fixed, universal) From dates January 20 to February 18. Keyword: "I know". Democratic, unconventional, detached, friendship oriented, humanitarian, cause-oriented, believes in the group/society, progressive, sophisticated, trend setting, magnetic, independent, objective, opinionated, devoted to goals, outspoken. Can be eccentric, elitist, dogmatic, aloof.
•Pisces (The Fishes) (water, mutable, universal) From February 19 to March 20. Keyword: "I believe". Imaginative, sensitive, compassionate, feeling, idealistic, spiritual, accepting, undiscriminating, creative, mystic, self-sacrificing, artistic. Can be impractical, neglectful, escapist, lazy, distracted.
I recently read an article that supposedly told the secrets on how a man can make a woman fall in love with him. Some of the so called secrets, I found silly. Yet, some of them made a little bit of sense.
1. Watch your body language. Okay, I realize that body language does play a big part of the first impression. But the article stated that it played a significant part, fifty five percent to be exact. I don't think I would go that far. Then it went on to advise men to stand with their hands in their pockets, which would cause their chest to puff out a bit. This is suppose to be an attractive male look. I disagree. I think this would make a man look like he was trying desperately to call attention to his chest to look to manly, to masculine.
Yet, I agree you shouldn't stand with your hands folded across your body. To me this projects a guarded attitude, not a good way to start a relationship.
2. Fear can cause an adrenaline rush. Therefore men are suppose to strike up a conversation with women at such adrenaline rushing events such as roller coaster rides, action packed suspense films, etc. Then it went on to say that if women finds a man attractive the extra adrenaline rush can cause us to become more aroused. I don't get aroused when I am scared. I wouldn't even notice a man, if I was really scared. As for striking up a conversation after a roller coaster ride, not a good time for me. I have a weak stomach. I would be too busy trying to make sure I wouldn't up chuck on the guy.
3. Love and laughter can go together. The article advise men to take their dates to comedy movies or to share some jokes. Okay, I do like to laugh, so this one could be a winner.
4. Music makes her heart flutter. Women, do like music. But women likes all types of music. The article said jazz was something women didn't like. Not true, many women love this type of music.
5. Gaze into her eyes. This one I really liked. Actually, my husband used to always stare into my eyes, especially when I was talking. It made me feel special, wanted and most importantly I actually felt like he was listening. A big plus for him.
But you watch about overdoing the staring or you will come off looking like a want to be stalker.
Denim doesn’t have to be casual. Dressing up denim can be a fun, yet challenging fashion mission. This everyday staple can look just as dressy with some must-have finishing touches. Learn some hip tips to dress up your favorite piece of clothing.
Many women wear jeans on a daily basis and often times dressed down. But, denim can look great with “dressier” flair and can take the place of several dressier pieces in other fabrics that you have in your wardrobe…
1. Think like the French. A French fashioner won’t step outside her home not dressed. And, by this I mean dressed up. They seem to have that effortlessly chic way about them, which crosses over to the way they dress…flawlessly. For the oh-so-pulled-together look, try pairing a pair of signature Salvatore Ferraro flats with a savvy jean skirt. Make sure the top is fitted and wear gorgeous jewelry.
2. Trousers. Think jean trousers in a darker denim shade, which instantly makes the look more dressed up. Pair it with a tweed Chanel-esque blazer and pearls for drama.
3. The little jean dress. Forget the little black dress; it’s time for the little jean dress. Pair with a trench coat. A little belt and gold jewelry would really make this look hip.
4. The jean jacket. Go for tailored and sleek with small details. Wear black slimming pants with this look.
5. Jeans. Boot cut jeans can be dressed up with a button down shirt or any other dressy shirt. Make it unique with sparkly cuff links (that look great on women too).
6. Keep the makeup and hair extremely pulled together and flawless, which will in turn make your dressy denim look, irresistible.
The Darker the Better
The darker your shade of denim the better because indigo shades of blue tends to look dressier than their lighter shaded counterparts. This goes for everything, from dresses, to jeans to skirts. It’s your key to looking more pulled together and your denim…dressier.
Accessories
When dressing up anything, you know that adding certain accessories can really make any look extra dramatic. The same goes for dressing up denim. Don’t be afraid to add some extra sparkly jewelry to the look. Pearls would be a nice touch for extra glamour or a charm necklace would make the look funky, yet interesting. Gold jewelry would also offset denim nicely, like large gold hoops and several gold bangles. Go for bold purses in savvy bring colors as well. Anything designer will give it that extra appeal and the luxe look you’re going for. For shoes, anything with a heel will instantly give your outfit more pizazz.
D.I.Y
Or, you could do-it-yourself… There are several things you could do to actually do to your jeans to give them that extra sparkle. Just be creative. Add ribbon or studded rhinestones or anything else you can think of. Become your very own designer.
When dressing up denim, just remember anything goes. What’s fun about fashion, is trying new things. And, if you haven’t dressed up your favorite everyday staple yet, now is the time.
This evening I recently read an article HOW TO BE A GOOD MAN IN LOVE.According this article,good man always gives his woman as many options as possible, you could ride in your new car today, go to the zoo on a weekend, Go out for a game. She will be exited throughout such an adventure and i know that would be your happiness too. Most women are very delicate and would consider you insensitive if you do not take her out once in a while, i do not think she minds it since it does not happen every day.
Be the unimaginable good man in love, give the impression that you are crazy about her and can go to any heights just for her. Call her late at night and suggest to go see her, and since your intentions are clear, i bet she will not misinterpret your move. It will be flattering to her to just imagine you can dare take up the risk of moving to her place late at night.
I know a good man in love will always avoid arguments but it might reach an extent where this will work against him. Do not say yes to every one of her request or opinion. Let her hate you if she wants to but let your stand be known to her. It is ridiculous to accommodate everything and accept every blame just to be on the safe side. Soon you will notice she respects you no more. She takes you for granted and it is then you will appreciate that familiarity breeds contempt. Push your point until she gets it and you will be happy you chose to be a good man in love.
A girl worth her salt will evaluate his worth too before she commits her heart to him. Demonstrate that you are focused and capable of achieving great goals. If all you talk about is how old you are and how your mother has never gotten tired of supporting you, you are losing it as the good man in love! No girl wants to hear how much of mama boy you are. That shows that you are either too irresponsible or too pampered to work out a relationship.
Last but not least, do your homework well and be patient. Do not wake up tomorrow and all you want to apply everything at once. Remember you have been the good man in love who wants to change his course in order to fetch more affection. People will question your sincerity and you will not even go far in your mission. Internalize the ideas and learn to live by the rules of being a good man in love.
After talk about the western astrology,is time to share aomething about my religion which is chinese astrology.
Actually not only have twele horoscope sign. There are twelve zodiac animals in chinese astrology too. Below will be some of the characteristics of the signs.
After read abot the twelve zodiac signs in chinese astrology,have you ever think about why they will be arrange accordingly? Why must be those twelve animals but not other than that?
Now,I would like to share about one of the most popular legend that can answer your above questions. To get the answers,please scroll down.
The legend says that a race was used to decide the animals to report to the Jade Emperor(the emperor of heaven in chinese.)
First,the cat and the rat were the worst swimmers in the animal kingdom. Although bad swimmers, they were both intelligent. They decided that the best and fastest way to cross the river was to hop on the back of the ox. The ox, being a naïve and good-natured animal, agreed to carry them across. However, overcome with a fierce competitiveness, the rat decided that in order to win, it must do something and promptly pushed the cat into the river. Because of this, the cat has never forgiven the rat, and hates the water as well. After the ox had crossed the river, the rat jumped ahead and reached the shore first, and it claimed first place in the competition.
Following closely behind was the strong ox, and it was named the 2nd animal in the zodiac. After the ox, came the tiger, panting, while explaining to the Emperor just how difficult it was to cross the river with the heavy currents pushing it downstream all the time. But with powerful strength, it made to shore and was named the 3rd animal in the cycle.
Suddenly, from a distance came a thumping sound, and the rabbit arrived. It explained how it crossed the river: by jumping from one stone to another in a nimble fashion. Halfway through, it almost lost the race but the rabbit was lucky enough to grab hold of a floating log that later washed him to shore. For that, it became the 4th animal in the zodiac cycle. Coming in 5th place was the dragon, flying and belching fire into the air. Of course, the Emperor was deeply curious as to why a strong and flying creature such as the dragon should fail to reach first. The mighty dragon explained that he had to stop and make rain to help all the people and creatures of the earth, and therefore he was held back a little. Then, on his way to the finish line, he saw a little helpless rabbit clinging on to a log so he did a good deed and gave a puff of breath to the poor creature so that it could land on the shore. The Emperor was very pleased with the actions of the dragon, and he was added into the zodiac cycle. As soon as he had done so, a galloping sound was heard, and the horse appeared. Hidden on the horse's hoof is the snake, whose sudden appearance gave the horse a fright, thus making it fall back and gave the snake 6th spot while the horse took the 7th.
Not long after that, a little distance away, the ram, monkey and rooster came to the shore. These three creatures helped each other to get to where they are. The rooster spotted a raft, and took the other two animals with it. Together, the ram and the monkey cleared the weeds, tugged and pulled and finally got the raft to the shore. Because of their combined efforts, the Emperor was very pleased and promptly named the ram as the 8th creature, the monkey as the 9th, and the rooster the 10th.
The 11th animal is the dog. His explanation for being late—although he was supposed to be the best swimmer amongst the rest—was that he needed a good bath after a long spell, and the fresh water from the river was too big a temptation. For that, he almost didn't make it to finish line. Just as the Emperor was about to call it a day, an oink and squeal was heard from a little pig. The pig got hungry during the race, promptly stopped for a feast and then fell asleep. After the nap, the pig continued the race and was named the 12th and last animal of the zodiac cycle. The cat finished too late (thirteenth) to win any place in the calendar, and vowed to be the enemy of the rat forevermore.
In Buddhism, legend has it that Buddha summoned all of the animals of the earth to come before him before his departure from this earth, but only twelve animals actually came to bid him farewell. To reward the animals who came to him he named a year after each of them, the years were given to them in the order they had arrived.
The legend really sounds interesting right? Hope it can give you an idea of how the twelve zodiac being existed.
*Sorry if there is any word that crash with other's religion.
Now I want to share about,what tests may I need before I get pregnant?
You may need some tests to find out if you have problems that could harm you or your baby during pregnancy. Many things can be treated before pregnancy to help prevent problems for you and your baby.
Rubella. If you don't know whether you've ever had rubella (also called the German measles) or been vaccinated against it, a blood test can give the answer. Catching rubella while you're pregnant can be very harmful for your baby. You can be vaccinated against rubella before you get pregnant.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS can make it hard for you to get pregnant and can also harm you or your baby. It is best if these diseases are diagnosed and treated before pregnancy.
Other problems. Your doctor may also want to perform some other tests depending on your risk for other problems (such as anemia or hepatitis).
Conception occurs about 2 weeks before your period is due. That means you may not even know you're pregnant until you're more than 3 weeks pregnant. Yet your baby is most sensitive to harm 2 to 8 weeks after conception. This is when your baby's organs (such as the heart) begin to form. Anything you eat, drink, smoke or are exposed to can affect your baby. That's why it's best to start acting as if you're pregnant before you actually are.
What should I eat?
What you eat will also feed your baby. Junk food like potato chips, soda and cookies won't have the right nutrients for your baby. You want to make sure you get plenty of calcium, folic acid (see box below), protein and iron. Talk with your doctor about what nutrients you need and how to get them.
You might also need to make some changes if you follow a vegetarian or weight-loss diet. Talk with your doctor before taking extra vitamins and minerals. Some may actually be harmful, like high doses of vitamin A.
The cat (Felis catus), also known as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from other felines, is a small predatory carnivorous species of crepuscular mammal that is valued by humans for its companionship and its ability to hunt vermin, snakes and scorpions. It has been associated with humans for at least 9,500 years.
A skilled predator, the cat is known to hunt over 1,000 species for food. It can be trained to obey simple commands. Individual cats have also been known to learn on their own to manipulate simple mechanisms, such as doorknobs. Cats use a variety of vocalizations and types of body language for communication, including meowing, purring, hissing, growling, squeaking, chirping, clicking, and grunting. Cats may be the most popular pet in the world, with over 600 million in homes all over the world. They are also bred and shown as registered pedigree pets. This hobby is known as the "cat fancy".
Until recently the cat was commonly believed to have been domesticated in ancient Egypt, where it was a cult animal. However a 2007 study found that the lines of descent of all house cats probably run through as few as five self-domesticating African Wildcats Felis silvestris lybica circa 8000 BC, in the Near East.
Cats typically weigh between 2.5 and 7 kg (5.5–16 pounds); however, some breeds, such as the Maine Coon, can exceed 11.3 kilograms (24.9 lb). Some have been known to reach up to 23 kilograms (51 lb) due to overfeeding. Conversely, very small cats (less than 1.8 kilograms (4.0 lb)) have been reported.
The largest cat ever was officially reported to have weighed in at about 21.297 kilograms (46.952 lb) (46 lb 15.25 oz).
A star is a massive, luminous ball of plasma. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth. Other stars are visible in the night sky, when they are not outshone by the Sun. For most of its life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion in its core releasing energy that traverses the star's interior and then radiates into outer space. Almost all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were created by fusion processes in stars.
Astronomers can determine the mass, age, chemical composition and many other properties of a star by observing its spectrum, luminosity and motion through space. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant in its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star are determined by its evolutionary history, including the diameter, rotation, movement and temperature. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (H–R diagram), allows the age and evolutionary state of a star to be determined.
A star begins as a collapsing cloud of material composed primarily of hydrogen, along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements. Once the stellar core is sufficiently dense, some of the hydrogen is steadily converted into helium through the process of nuclear fusion. The remainder of the star's interior carries energy away from the core through a combination of radiative and convective processes. The star's internal pressure prevents it from collapsing further under its own gravity. Once the hydrogen fuel at the core is exhausted, those stars having at least 0.4 times the mass of the Sun expand to become a red giant, in some cases fusing heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. The star then evolves into a degenerate form, recycling a portion of the matter into the interstellar environment, where it will form a new generation of stars with a higher proportion of heavy elements.
Binary and multi-star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound, and generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close orbit, their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution.
•If you have a "real" job after lecture that you do just for fun (or for some extra spending money), or if you participate in extra-curricular activities (whether school-related or not), keep your priorities in mind: Your education should come first!
•If you must work (in order to make ends meet), you should realize the limitations that this imposes on your study time.
How much time should you devote to studying? A recent survey in the Chronicle of Higher Education suggested that students are not studying enough. So, how much is enough? If you assume that your education is a full-time job, then you should spend about 40 hours/week on it. Figure that 1 academic credit equals about 1 hour. So, if you're taking 15 credits, then you're spending about 15 hours in class. Subtracting that from 40 gives you 25 hours that you should be spending studying at home (or in the library).
You should spread that out over the week. Suppose you decide to study Sunday through Thursday evenings, taking Fridays and Saturdays off (from studying, that is). Dividing that 25 hours by those 5 days gives you 5 hours of studying per night. If you think that's too much, then plan on studying in the afternoons, too, or some of Saturday.
The above are just rules of thumb. If you're taking a 3-credit independent-study course, but you meet with your instructor only 1 hour/week, then you should add the extra 2 hours to your at-home study time. If you're working to earn some money, you should subtract your work hours from your free time, not from your study time! (If you don't want to do that, then you should consider quitting your job or reducing your course load.)
Set yourself a grade goal. If you don't meet it, cut down on non-school activities. (If you can't, because you're working for a living, then consider dropping down to part-time schooling.)
1.1. The court shall be a rectangle marked out with lines 40 mm wide as shown in Diagram A. 1.2. The lines marking out the court shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be coloured white or yellow. 1.3. All the lines shall form part of the area which they define. 1.4. The posts shall be 1.55 metres in height from the surface of the court and shall remain vertical when the net is strained as provided in Law 1.10. The posts or its supports shall not extend into the court. 1.5. The posts shall be placed on the doubles side lines as in Diagram A irrespective of whether singles or doubles is being played. 1.6. The net shall be made of fine cord of dark colour and even thickness with a mesh of not less than l5 mm and not more than 20 mm. 1.7. The net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide. 1.8. The top of the net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable running through the tape. This tape shall rest upon the cord or cable. 1.9. The cord or cable shall be stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts. 1.10. The top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524 metres at the centre of the court and 1.55 metres over the side lines for doubles. 1.11 There shall be no gaps between the ends of the net and the posts. If necessary, the full depth of the net at the ends shall be tied to the posts
SHUTTLE
2.1 The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From whatever material the shuttle is made, the flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather. 2.2 Feathered Shuttle 2.2.1 The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base. 2.2.2 The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the tip to the top of the base. 2.2.3 The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm. 2.2.4 The feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material. 2.2.5 The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom. 2.2.6 The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams. 2.3 Non-Feathered Shuttle 2.3.1 The skirt, or simulation of feathers in synthetic materials, shall replace natural feathers. 2.3.2 The base shall be as described in Law 2.2.5. 2.3.3 Measurements and weight shall be as in Laws 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and 2.2.6. However, because of the difference in the specific gravity and other properties of synthetic materials in comparison with feathers, a variation of up to 10 per cent shall be acceptable. 2.4 Subject to there being no variation in the general design, speed and flight of the shuttle, modifications in the above specifications may be made with the approval of the Member Association concerned, in places where atmospheric conditions due to either altitude or climate make the standard shuttle unsuitable.
Do you ever heard about anorexia before? This article is a brief about the disease, anorexia....
For the French Symphonic Black Metal band, see Anorexia Nervosa (band). Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes an eating disorder, characterized by low body weight and body image distortion, with an obsessive fear of gaining weight. Individuals with anorexia are known to control body weight commonly through the means of voluntary starvation, purging, vomiting, excessive exercise or other weight control measures, such as diet pills or diuretic drugs. While the condition primarily affects adolescent females, approximately 10% of people with the diagnosis are male. Anorexia nervosa, involving neurobiological, psychological, and sociological components, is a complex condition that can lead to death in severe cases.
The term anorexia is of Greek origin: a (α, prefix of negation), n (ν, link between two vowels) and orexis (ορεξις, appetite), thus meaning a lack of desire to eat. "Anorexia nervosa" is frequently shortened to "anorexia" in the popular media. This is technically incorrect, as the term "anorexia" used separately refers to the medical symptom of reduced appetite (which therefore is distinguishable from anorexia nervosa in being non-psychiatric).
This is only a short description about the disease. You all can always online to know whole picture of this disease.
59 comments:
Ainy said...
(computer as a machine)
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions.
The first devices that resemble modern computers date to the mid-20th century (1940–1945), although the computer concept and various machines similar to computers existed earlier. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers(PC).Modern computers are based on tiny integrated circuits and are millions to billions of times more capable while occupying a fraction of the space.
Today, simple computers may be made small enough to fit into a wristwatch and be powered from a watch battery. Personal computers, in various forms, are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "a computer". However, the most common form of computer in use today is the embedded computer. Embedded computers are small, simple devices that are used to control other devices.They may be found in machines ranging from fighter aircraft to industrial robots, digital cameras, and children's toys.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile and distinguishes them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore, computers with capability and complexity ranging from that of a personal digital assistant to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks given enough time and storage capacity.
Saathis said:
Yoga is refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating in India, to the goal achieved by those disciplines, and to one of the six orthodox (āstika) schools of Hindu philosophy.
Yoga is classified into major branches.It include Raja Yoga, Karma Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, and Hatha Yoga. Raja Yoga, compiled in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, and known simply as yoga in the context of Hindu philosophy, is part of the Samkhya tradition. Many other Hindu texts discuss aspects of yoga, including the Vedas, Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, the Shiva Samhita and various Tantras.
The Sanskrit word yoga has many meanings, and is derived from the Sanskrit root yuj, meaning to control, to yoke or to unite. Translations include joining, uniting, union, conjunction, and means. Outside India, the term yoga is typically associated with Hatha Yoga and its asanas (postures) or as a form of exercise. A practitioner of Yoga is called a Yogi (unisex term) or Yogini (for female).
The goal of yoga may range from anywhere between improved health and reaching Moksha. Within the monist schools of Advaita Vedanta and Shaivism the goal of yoga takes the form of Moksha, which is liberation from all worldly suffering and the cycle of birth and death (Samsara), at which point there is a realisation of identity with the Supreme Brahman. In the Mahabharata, the goal of yoga is variously described as entering the world of Brahma, as Brahman, or as perceiving the Brahman or Atman that pervades all things. For the bhakti schools of Vaishnavism, bhakti or service to Svayam bhagavan itself is the ultimate goal of the yoga process, where in perfection culminates in an eternal relationship with Vishnu, Rama or Krsna.
From my opinion, yoga is a actual pratice for every human being to get apeacefull life
Saathis said:
A rocket or rocket vehicle is a missile, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust by the reaction of the rocket to the ejection of fast moving fluid from a rocket engine. Chemical rockets work by the action of hot gas produced by the combustion of the propellant against the inside of combustion chambers and expansion nozzles. This generates forces that accelerate the gas to extremely high speed and exert a large thrust on the rocket (since every action has an equal and opposite reaction).
The history of rockets goes back to at least the 13th century. By the 20th century, they have enabled human spaceflight to the Moon. In the 21st century, they have made commercial space tourism possible.
Rockets are used for fireworks and weaponry, as launch vehicles for artificial satellites, human spaceflight and exploration of other planets. While inefficient for low speed use, they are, compared to other propulsion systems, very lightweight and powerful, capable of attaining extremely high speeds with reasonable efficiency.
Chemical rockets store a large amount of energy in an easily-released form, and can be very dangerous. However, careful design, testing, construction, and use minimize the risks.
Larger rockets are normally launched from a launch pad which serves as stable support until a few seconds after ignition.
There are many different types of rockets, and a comprehensive list of the basic engine types can be found in rocket engine — the vehicles themselves range in size from tiny models such as water rockets or small solid rockets that can be purchased at a hobby store, to the enormous Saturn V used for the Apollo program, and in many different vehicle types such as rocket cars and rocket planes.
Saturn V is the biggest rocket to have successfully flownMost current rockets are chemically powered rockets (usually internal combustion engines, but some employ a decomposing monopropellant) that emit a hot exhaust gas. A chemical rocket engine can use gas propellant, solid propellant, liquid propellant, or a hybrid mixture of both solid and liquid. With combustive propellants a chemical reaction is initiated between the fuel and the oxidizer in the combustion chamber, and the resultant hot gases accelerate out of a nozzle (or nozzles) at the rearward-facing end of the rocket. The acceleration of these gases through the engine exerts force ("thrust") on the combustion chamber and nozzle, propelling the vehicle (in accordance with Newton's Third Law). See rocket engine for details.
Rockets in which the heat is supplied from a source other than a propellant, such as solar thermal rockets, can be classed as external combustion engines. Other examples of external combustion rocket engines include most designs for nuclear powered rocket engines. Use of hydrogen as the propellant for such engines gives very high exhaust velocities (around 6-10 km/s).
Water rockets are flown for recreational purposesSteam rockets, are another example of non chemical rockets. These rockets release very hot water through a nozzle where, due to the lower pressure there, it instantly flashes to high velocity steam, propelling the rocket. The efficiency of steam as a rocket propellant is relatively low, but it is simple and reasonably safe, and the propellant is cheap and widely available. Most steam rockets have been used for propelling land-based vehicles but it formed the basis of Evel Knievel's skycycle, and a small steam rocket was tested in 2004 on board the UK-DMC satellite, as an alternative, with higher performance, to cold gas thrusters for attitude jets. There are even proposals to use steam rockets for interplanetary transport using either nuclear or solar heating as the power source to vaporize water collected from around the solar system, at system costs that are claimed to be orders of magnitude lower than electrolysis-based hydrogen systems.
In additional,Rockets are not inherently highly dangerous. In military usage quite adequate reliability is obtained.
Saathis said:
Proton is the Malaysian national carmaker (Malay acronym for Perusahaan otomobil Nasional, 'National Automobile Enterprise'), which was established in 1983 under the direction of the former Prime Minister, Tun Mahathir Mohamad. Proton Holdings Berhad, the holding company, is listed on the Bursa Malaysia.
Based on technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors, production of the first model, the Proton Saga began in September 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam, Selangor. Initially the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi but slowly local parts were being used as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. The 100,000th Proton Saga was produced in January 1989.
Until the end of the 1990s, the car's logo featured the crest from Malaysia's coat of arms, featuring a crescent and a fourteen-pointed star. The new Proton logo features a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a model called Proton Wira was introduced based on the Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt. More than 220,000 units were sold between 1996 and 1998. Proton Perdana, based on the Mitsubishi Galant/Eterna, was first produced in 1995, intended for higher end market. The Proton Waja (Proton Impian in UK), which launched early 2001, is the first car model designed internally by Proton.
By 2002 Proton held a market share of over 60% in Malaysia, which was reduced to barely 30% by 2005 and is expected to reduce further in 2008 when AFTA mandates reduce import tariffs to a maximum of 5%. (See "Trivia" section for update on tariff implementation)
The current Proton logo, in text form.With the acquisition of Lotus technologies in 1996 from ACBN Holdings (a company owned by the owner of Bugatti), Proton has gained an additional source of engineering and automotive expertise. This led to the production of Proton Gen-2 which was code name Wira Replacement Model (WRM) before the launch. The Gen-2 is the first of cars to be manufactured and assembled at the new manufacturing plant in Tanjung Malim, Perak which is part of Proton City development project. The plant was opened in 2004. On June 8, 2005 Proton introduced the second model to be manufactured in Tanjung Malim, the 1,200 cc 5-door supermini, the Proton Savvy. Both the Gen-2 and Savvy, were models that MG Rover was looking to rebadge when the British firm entered into collaboration talks with Proton. However these joint-venture talks were unsuccessful and MG Rover subsequently collapsed.
In 2007, Proton launch its new sedan as replacement version for Wira Sedan but with new name, Persona. The new Proton Saga replacement model (codename Proton BLM) was launched on 18th January 2008. The new Saga is based on the Savvy platform, but using Campro 1.3L instead of Renault engine. It was announced on August 8, 2008 that Proton is developing a new, fuel-efficient hybrid car to beat rising costs and address environmental concerns. Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi told reporters that he had already test-driven the car and urged the company to continue researching energy-saving techonologies.
As of August 3, 2008, Proton has produced 3 million cars since 1985,where the 3 millionth car is a second-generation Saga.
'Friendship' is a term used to denote co-operative and supportive behavior between two or more beings. In this sense, the term connotes a relationship which involves mutual knowledge, esteem, and affection and respect along with a degree of rendering service to friends in times of need or crisis. Friends will welcome each other's company and exhibit loyalty towards each other, often to the point of altruism. Their tastes will usually be similar and may converge, and they will share enjoyable activities. They will also engage in mutually helping behavior, such as exchange of advice and the sharing of hardship. A friend is someone who may often demonstrate reciprocating and reflective behaviors. Yet for many, friendship is nothing more than the trust that someone or something will not harm them. Value that is found in friendships is often the result of a friend demonstrating the following on a consistent basis:
• the tendency to desire what is best for the other,
• sympathy and empathy,
• honesty, perhaps in situations where it may be difficult for others to speak the truth, especially in terms of pointing out the perceived faults of one's counterpart
• mutual understanding.
In a comparison of personal relationships, friendship is considered to be closer than association, although there is a range of degrees of intimacy in both friendships and associations. Friendship and association can be thought of as spanning across the same continuum. The study of friendship is included in sociology, anthropology, philosophy, and zoology. Various theories of friendship have been proposed, among which are social psychology, social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles. See Interpersonal relationships
Friendship is considered one of the central human experiences, and has been sanctified by all major religions. The Epic of Gilgamesh, a Babylonian poem that is among the earliest known literary works in history, chronicles in great depth the friendship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu. The Greco-Roman had, as a paramount example, the friendship of Orestes and Pylades. The Abrahamic faiths have the story of David and Jonathan. Friendship played an important role in German Romanticism. A good example for this is Schiller's Die Bürgschaft. The Christian Gospels state that Jesus Christ declared, "No one has greater love than this, to lay down one's life for one's friends."(John 15:13).
In philosophy, Aristotle is known for his discussion (in the Nicomachean Ethics) of philia, which is usually (somewhat misleadingly) translated as "friendship," and certainly includes friendship, though is a much broader concept.
Cultural variations: (stub-section) A group of friends consists of two or more people who are in a mutually pleasing relationship engendering a sentiment of camaraderie, exclusivity, and mutual trust. There are varying degrees of "closeness" between friends. Hence, some people choose to differentiate and categorize friendships based on this sentiment.
25 ways to improve your conversations...
1. Be the first to say hello
2. Make an extra effort to
remember people's names and ask a person's name if you have forgotten it
3. Be receptive to new ideas and be open to other people's opinions and feelings
4. Show curiosity and interest i others and get enthusiastic about their interests
5. Tell others about yourself,what you likes are and the important events in your life
6. Keep abreast of current events and the issues that effect all our lives
7. Use "I" when you talk about personal things and don't use the word "you" when you really mean "I"
8. Show others that you are a good listener by restating their comments in other manner
9. Show your sense of humour when talking to others
10. Balance the giving and receiving information
11. Show others that you are enjoying your conversations with them
12. Ask other people their opinion
13. Look for the positive in those you meet
14. Start and end your conversation with a person's name and a handshake or warm greeting
15. Take time to be cordial with your neighbours and co-workers
16. Let others know that you want to get to know them better
17. Ask others about things they have told you in previous conversations
18. Listen carefully for free information
19. Be tolerant of other people's beliefs if they differ from yours
20. Change the topic of conversation when it has run its course
21. Always search for another person's "hot button"
22. Compliment others about what they are wearing,doing or saying
23. Encourage others to talk by sending out receptivity signals
24. Make an effort to see and talk to people you enjoy
25. When you tell a story,present the main point first and then add the supporting details afterward
I hope all of u can practice these ways to make your conversation become better...all the best!!!
Passwords or watchwords have been used since ancient times.Polybius describes the system for distribution watchwords in the Roman military as follows:
The way in which they secure the passing round of the watchword for the night is as follows: from the tenth maniple of each class of infantry and cavalry, the maniple which is encamped at the lower end of the street, a man is chosen who is relieved from guard duty, and he attends every day at sunset at the tent of the tribune, and receiving from him the watchword - that is a wooden tablet with the word inscribed on it - takes his leave, and on returning to his quarters passes on the watchword and tablet before witnesses to the commander of the next maniple, who in turn passes it to the one next him. All do the same until it reaches the first maniples, those encamped near the tents of the tribunes. These latter are obliged to deliver the tablet to the tribunes before dark. So that if all those issued are returned, the tribune knows that the watchword has been given to all the maniples, and has passed through all on its way back to him. If any one of them is missing, he makes inquiry at once, as he knows by the marks from what quarter the tablet has not returned, and whoever is responsible for the stoppage meets with the punishment he merits. [2].
Passwords have been used with computers since the earliest days of computing. MIT's CTSS, one of the first time sharing systems, was introduced in 1961. It had a LOGIN command that requested a user password. "After typing PASSWORD, the system turns off the printing mechanism, if possible, so that the user may type in his password with privacy." [3] Robert Morris invented the idea of storing login passwords in a hashed form as part of the Unix operating system. His algorithm, know as crypt(3), used a 12-bit salt and invoked a modified form of the DES algorithm 25 times to reduce the risk of dictionary attacks.
YouTube. A high rating website that is viewed but thousands people a day. This website allowed users to upload their videos and share them with the world.
User can share their talents such as playing the instruments, drawing and also marshal arts.
YouTube has been blocked for several countries including Tunisia, Thailand Turkey and Pakistan. United Arab Emirates banned few pages in YouTube. The main critic that this website has to face is the law of copyright. Users love to upload the videos that have been copied from the TV shows, drama and movies, so, they want to be a top up-loader as lots of people will rate their videos and also they want to be a 'wanted up loader' and be famous in YouTube website.
There is no doubt that this website manage to bring someone to the front to show and polish their talents and show them to the world. Yes. But, this website also will be viewed by all people including the teenagers and children. Of course not only the `mere' videos will be uploaded by the up loaders. They also intended to upload the videos that contain pornography, nudity, defamation, harassment and material encouraging criminal conduct. The uploaded of these kinds of videos are prohibited but how they want to manage millions of video in one time? For you information, YouTube had 83.4 million video and 3.75 million users in April 2008 and I think that it is impossible to the people that conduct YouTube to banned some videos that have been uploaded.
Back to the uploaded drama. Users can view the drama online and download them via the software that can be downloaded from the internet. Some people said that why they have to buy the VCD as they can watch their desired movie or drama by free? This phenomenon can disrupt the movie or drama industry and can be the virus in the society.
Actually, this website can give us the information about news, story and be a medium to share something with the world. But in the same time, this website also gives us the negative impacts if we use it in a wrong way. Think about it and surf it wisely.
First of all, may I ask something?
What is the important thing that you love most in your life??
For me myself, I really appreciate my mobile phone..although its only the cheap one but I buy it using my own money..So, I always care about it..
mobile phone is everything..
But, did you know about the history of mobile phone?
I would like to share with you about the history of mobile phone..
The mobile phone (also called a wireless phone or cellular phone, but also handy in German and kinito or κινητό in Greek) is a short-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites.
In addition to the standard voice function of a mobile phone, telephone, current mobile phones may support many additional services, and accessories, such as SMS for text messaging, email, packet switching for access to the Internet, gaming, bluetooth, infrared, camera with video recorder and MMS for sending and receiving photos and video..
That's great right?
So, appreciate our mobile phone and use it wisely..;)
when we talk about fantasy, what do you think in your mind?
Is it fairy, magical world, magic stick, unicorn or any other things??
As what I remembered, we are disposed to these kind of fantasy since our childhood time.
Begins with stories like Snow White, Cinderella until now we have The Lord of The Rings, Harry Potter, The Chronicles of Narnia and many other stories.
However, from my opinion I think we should be very carefully in choosing the right fantasy stories. We must take the moral values inside the stories but at the same time we shouldn't be very fanatic to any of them.
At our age, I believe that we are very sure on what we do including to choose this fantasy story. My advice is to take a bit more care about the child or in another word, help them choose the right story.
Hopefully, all of you can learn something about it.
That's for now!!!
for this week I already read about tips to success..to face final exam I would like to share what I read with my classmate....
1. Take Risks - Do not be afraid to take risks.. where is the fun in that? If you want something, go for it! Do not try and justify every action you make. Sometimes, all you have to do is to take that big leap! We usually allow ourselves to settle at what is safe and secure and yet we end up wondering at all the “what if’s?” and “what could have been’s?” in life.
2. Make Opportunities - This is more logical than waiting for opportunity to knock on your door - which may or may never come.
3. Have a Plan - Always have a plan.. this is the best way to stay on track with your goals. Set a milestone which will provide as your visual in what you are working for, what you have successfully achieved, and what you need to do better.
4. Stay Motivated - When you’re too busy getting what you want you also exhaust all your energies with it and this becomes critical because this is usually the reason why we lose the battle. Half-way through, we get tired and lose the desire to go on. It is important to stay motivated. Remind yourself with the reasons as to why you are working hard.. read motivational quotes and articles. Assure yourself that every effort exerted will eventually pay-off in the long run.
5. Be Patient - Always remember that attaining goals almost always takes time. Be kind to yourself and the people around you because everything is actually a process in working your way up the ladder each day.
8. Reward yourself - As you surpass every milestone try and treat yourself for a job well done.
7. Do not Stop Learning - You may feel that you have already become an expert in your field when you’ve been working on it for so long. But this shouldn’t be the reason why you should stop learning. Keep innovating! New ideas and new ventures helps keep the fire burning!
8. Learn to Delegate - When you are getting close to your goals you will find out that there are many more things to do than hours in the day. Find someone to help take some of your load so you can focus on things that needs your full attention.
9. Raise your Standards - Always learn to “Step-up!”. Increase your standard and strive for more!
10. Be Thankful - Not only with your accomplishments but also with your trials and your failures. It will keep you humble, which in turn, will help you continue striving for success.
SPREAD THE LAUGHTER
Laughter reduces stress,improves memory and helps keep ourhearts healthy.The ability to laugh is hard-wired into our systems,and new research shows that it's not only good for us,it's contagius.There's a reason sitcoms are funnier when we're in group,when we see someone laugh,our brain seems to activate "mirror neurons" that send us into the same fit of laughter.
A little fun can lead to a more positive approach in everyday situations,says psychologist Kelly McGonigal.She teaches guided laughter,a group technique in which you prep your body for the physical work of laughter to reap the benefits:joy and social interaction."All the efforts we put into reducing stress we ought to put into laughing",McGonigal says.
Laughing for 10 to 15 minutes increases your heart rate by 10-20%,which means you can burn an extra 40-165KJ a day.Over a year,that can add up to around two kilograms in weight loss.Homour increases the production and effectiveness of natural killer cells that stomp out germs.So,laughing can make us stay healthy always.
Laughing can make your life full of joys..
Top 10 Secrets to BEING HAPPY!
1. Decide to be a happy person. As Lincoln observed, most people, most of the time, can choose how stressed or happy, how troubled or relaxed they want to be. Choose to be happy.
2. Watch and Read less news. As a recovering news addict,we know this can be difficult because the stock market fluctuates, politicians politic, and sports teams compete. But, most of the time, we don't need the stress. So, just don't watch.
3. Practice the Attitude of Gratitude. We all have so much to be grateful for. Just thanking the many people who assist us, encourage us, teach us and open doors for us could take all day!
4. Take Time.
5. Laugh everyday. Hear a joke, tell a joke, laugh at yourself, laugh with your friends and family and co-workers. There are very few medicines as powerful as laughter.
6. Love well. Express your affection, appreciation, friendship and warmth to those around you, and they will almost always respond in the most amazing ways! Be generous--it pays great dividends!
7. Work hard. This one comes as a bit of a surprise, but there is tremendous satisfaction in being competent, and joy in completing our assigned tasks. One of the great sources of happiness is to do work that is worthy of you, and to do it well.
8. Learn something new, everyday. To be happy, most of us must also be growing, expanding, learning and challenging ourselves. Read, listen, adapt and stretch to accommodate new ideas and new information.
9. Use your body as it was designed. Walk and run, stretch, throw things, and lift things. Dance! Exercise is good, but so is making love, mixing up a batch of cookies, or exchanging backrubs. You have a body and it can be either a source of joy, or a source of aches and pains. Your choice.
10. Avoid toxins. I prefer writing positives (things to do) rather than negatives (things to fear), but reality says there are negative people and there are bad chemicals, stressful noises, and unsafe places. Don't go there! Avoid poisons whenever possible. It seems to work out better that way.
novel ZURIAT
for me this novel is so touching because it tell how a couple married have to accept that all 6 of their children will die because of the illness that there is no treatment for that illness
Assalamualaikum and good day to all.
Today, i would like to give some of the information of today's seven wonders of the world,which i bet some of us do not even know about it.
The seven wonders are as below :
1.The Pyramids of Egypt
2.The hanging Garden of Babylon
3.The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
4.The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
5.The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus
6.The Colossus of Rhodes
7.The Pharos of Alexandria
Sadly,only one wonder of the seven,the pyramids of Egypt still stands today.The other were destroyed by natural disaster or when the war was taking place at that place.
What is stress?
Stress is difficult to define or measure. Some people thrive on a busy lifestyle and are able to cope well with life crises. Other people feel tensed or stressed by the slightest deviation from their set daily routine. Many people fall somewhere in between, but may have periods when levels of stress increase. Tell-tale signs of stress building up include:
• Not being able to sleep properly with worries going through your mind.
• Being impatient or irritable at minor problems.
• Not being able to concentrate due to many things going through your mind.
• Being unable to make decisions.
• Drinking or smoking more.
• Not enjoying food so much.
• Being unable to relax, and always feeling that something needs to be done.
• Feeling tense. Sometimes this includes a 'knot' in the stomach, or feeling sweaty with a dry mouth or a thumping heart.
Ongoing stress is thought to be bad for health, although this is difficult to prove. For example, stress is thought to be bad for the heart and is possibly a 'risk factor' for developing heart problems in later life. Stress may also contribute to other physical illnesses in ways little understood. For example, it is thought that irritable bowel syndrome, psoriasis, migraine, tension headaches, and other conditions are made worse by an increased level of stress.
The following is a list of suggestions that may be useful to try and combat stress, some more appropriate to some people than others.
Stress list
You can try making a 'stress list'. Try keeping a diary over a few weeks or so, and list the times, places, and people that aggravate your stress levels. A pattern may emerge. Is it always the traffic on the way to work that sets things off to a bad start for the day? Perhaps it's the supermarket check-out, next door's dog, a work colleague, or something similar that may occur regularly and cause you stress.
Once you have identified any typical or regular causes of stress, two things may then help.
• If you discuss this with a close friend or family member, it may help them and you to be aware of the reasons why you are feeling stressed. Simply talking it through may help.
• Secondly, these situations can be used as 'cues' to relax. You can use simple relaxation techniques (see below) when a stressful situation occurs or is anticipated. For example, try doing neck stretching exercises when you are in that traffic jam rather than getting tense and stressed.
Try simple relaxation techniques
• Deep breathing. This means taking a long, slow breath in, and very slowly breathe out. If you do this a few times, and concentrate fully on breathing, you may find it quite relaxing.
• Muscular tensing and stretching. Try twisting your neck around each way as far as it is comfortable, and then relax. Try fully tensing your shoulder and back muscles for several seconds, and then relax completely.
positive relaxation
Set specific times aside to positively relax. Don't just let relaxation happen, or not happen, at the mercy of work, family, etc. Plan it, and look forward to it. Different people prefer different things. A long bath, a quiet stroll, sitting and just listening to a piece of music, etc. These times are not wasteful, and you should not feel guilty about not 'getting on with things'. They can be times of reflection and putting life back in perspective.Some people find it useful to set time aside for a relaxation programme such as meditation or muscular exercises. You can also buy relaxation tapes to help you learn to relax.
Time out
Try to allow several times a day to 'stop' and take some time out. For example, getting up 15-20 minutes earlier than you need to is a good start. You can use this time to think about and plan the coming day, and to prepare for the day's events unrushed.Take a regular and proper lunch break, preferably away from work. Don't work over lunch. If work is busy, if possible try and take 5 or 10 minutes away every few hours to relax.Once or twice a week, try to plan some time just to be alone and 'unobtainable'. For example, a gentle stroll or a sit in the park often helps to break out of life's hustle and bustle.
Smoking and alcohol
Don't be fooled that smoking and drinking can help with stress. In the long run, they don't. Drinking alcohol to 'calm nerves' is often a slippery slope to heavier and problem drinking.
Hobbies
Many people find that a hobby which has no deadlines, no pressures, and which can be picked up or left easily takes the mind off stresses. For example: sports, knitting, music, model-making, puzzles, and reading for pleasure.
SALAM AND HELLO!
Just want to share with you all...
MILK OR BEAN???
Milk protein is significantly better than soy at building muscle mass, according to research from McMaster University in Canada. The study found that drinking two glasses of skim milk after a work-out created twice as much muscle as the same amount of protein from soy drinks.
"This is an interesting finding, since soy and milk proteins are considered to be complete proteins that are basically equivalent from a nutritional standpoint," says Stuart Philips, associate professor of kinesiology, who was involved in the study. "The effectiveness of milk in stimulating muscle gain is much better than soy. If muscle mass gain is your goal with weightlifting, then drink milk."
Assalamualaikum and good day to all..
There are something interesting facts that I want to share with all you about our solar system..Have fun reading(^_^)
1.Mercury
It takes 59 days for this planet to make a rotation but 88 days to circle the sun.That means that there are fewer than 2 days in a year!
2.Venus
It is the brightest in our sky and can sometimes be seen with the naked eye if you know where to look.
3.Earth
Our home planet has more exposed water than land.Almost three quarters of the earth is covered by water!
4.Mars
The home of "Olympus Mons",the largest volcano found in the solar system which stands about 27 km high with a crater 81 km wide.
5.Jupiter
The largest planet in the solar system,but it spins very quickly on its axis.A day on Jupiter lasts only 9 hours and 55 minutes.Ack,I get dizzy just thinking about it!
6.Saturn
The second biggest planet,but it's
also the lightest planet among the planet in our solar system.
7.Uranus
Uranus's axis is at a 97 degree angle,meaning that it orbits lying on its side!Talk about a lazy planet..
8.Neptune
It was discovered in 1846(over 150 years ago).Since that time it has still yet to make a complete orbit around the sun,because one Neptune year lasts 165 Earth years!
9.Pluto
This "thing" is no longer consider as a planet due to its size and other reason.Instead,astronomers call it a dwarf planet.
i just read this article. its said that lower breast cancer risk for women who were breastfed as children..Women who were breastfed as infants have a lower risk of breast cancer as adults, according to a new study conducted by researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison and published in the journal Epidemiology.
"As a general group, women who reported they had been breastfed in infancy had a 17 percent decrease in breast cancer risk," researcher Hazel B. Nichols said. "However, we did not observe this reduction when we looked specifically among first-born women."
Some researchers have suggested that because toxins accumulate in the body fat of adult women - including in their breast milk - then infants who are breastfed may be exposed to more toxins and have a higher risk of cancer as adults. If this is true, then breastfed children of older women should have a higher cancer risk, as their mothers have had more time to accumulate toxins.
To test this possibility, the researchers interviewed 2,016 female breast cancer patients between the ages of 20 and 69, and 1,960 women who did not have the disease. They found that the women who had been breastfed as infants had a lower risk of breast cancer than the non-breastfed women.
Among the breastfed group, there was no effect on cancer risk from the mother's age at childbirth. In this same group, women who were born first had a higher cancer risk than women who had three or more older siblings.
When the researchers compared only firstborn women to each other, there was no difference in cancer rates between those who were breastfed and those who were not.
Among women who had not been breastfed, a mother's older age at childbirth corresponded to a lower cancer risk for the infant. There was no relationship found between cancer risk and birth order.
The results follow those of another recent study, conducted by British researchers and published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. This long-term observational study found that babies who were breastfed did not have an elevated cancer risk as adults, and that women who had been breastfed appeared to have a lower breast cancer risk.
hey all..
i have something to share with all..especially for you who having heartbroken..
TIPS TO OVERCOME HEARTBROKEN:
1. IT'S REALLY NOT THE END OF THE WORLD! (must pass)
2. IT'S HORRIBLE TO HAVE YOUR HEART BROKEN - HORRIBLE.
3. REMEMBER, YOU'RE NOT ALONE
4. ALLOW YOURSELF TIME AND SPACE TO GRIEVE.
5. BE GOOD TO YOURSELF NOW
6. DO NOT FALL BACK ON ALCOHOL, DRUGS, CIGARETTES OR FOOD!
7. LEARN FROM THIS EXPERIENCE
8. DON'T BEAT YOURSELF UP.
9. REMEMBER THAT IT USUALLY DOESN'T WORK TO DEPEND UPON ANOTHER PERSON FOR YOUR HAPPINESS.
10. REMEMBER THERE ARE OTHER FISHES IN THE SEA - IT'S JUST A FACT OF NATURE.
11. RE-ESTABLISH, RE-AFFIRM YOUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH YOUR FRIENDS.
12. TOMORROW IS ANOTHER DAY...AND - THIS TOO SHALL PASS - believe us - THIS TOO SHALL PASS...
Hopes this all tips can help all most of the people who still in this situation felt better..
Five Best Ways To Revitalize Your Spirit
Tip #1: Practice Mindfulness
Jon Kabat-Zinn, Ph.D, founder of the Stress Reduction Clinic at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, summed up mindfulness when he said, “Wherever you go, there you are.”
Mindfulness is paying attention to the present moment and not thinking about what someone said to you this morning, talking on the phone while replying to an email, or worrying about the future.
Once a day from now on, I want you to put sincere effort into being fully present. Give your undivided attention to what you’re doing. If you have a lunch date, enjoy being with that person, rather than thinking about that client meeting you had in the morning or stressing about the pile of work sitting on your desk. Even the most mundane tasks, like making dinner, can come alive.
Notice the smells, tastes, textures.
Here is a description of what mindfulness is, adapted from Full Catastrophe Living, by Jon Kabat-Zinn. Mindfulness is…
Being yourself.
Not judging yourself, over-analyzing what you’re going to say, or getting caught up in your thoughts.
Accepting and appreciating what each moment offers.
Allowing things to be the way they are, without getting caught up in expectations, hopes, wishes, and experiences.
Being patient with yourself and other people. Not being impatient or anxious for certain things, pleasant and unpleasant, to happen.
Trusting yourself and your feelings.
Tip #2: Read Books That Inspire You
What are you interested in? What inspires you, motivates you, moves you? For example, you may dream of having a life coach to keep you on track with your goals. If you can’t afford the $300 to $500 per month fee, go to the bookstore. There are plenty of helpful books to help you assess where you are now, where you want to be, and learn from people who have done it. These are some books I’ve read and enjoyed:
The Best Year of Your Life: Dream It, Live It, Plan It, by Debbie Ford
The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment, by Eckhart Tolle
The Four Agreements: A Practical Guide to Personal Freedom, by Don Miguel Ruiz
Anatomy of the Spirit, by Carolyn Myss
Tip #3: Give Thanks at Meals
See if this scenario is familiar - you’d love to go for lunch but you have too much to do, so you grab a sandwich to go and bring it back to your desk. Within minutes, your sandwich is gone, you’re still hunched over at the computer, and you can barely remember how it tasted.
Instead, start each meal with a pause - take a deep breath and give thanks for the food your about to eat. Or, say a prayer, whatever has meaning for you. Buy a beautiful plate, placemat, mug, or food container to use.
Tip #4: Book a Monthly Massage
Once a month, treat yourself to a relaxation massage. If it is out of your budget, consider going to a massage school student clinic in your area. Treatments by massage therapists-in-training are often 1/4 of the regular cost.
Tip #5: Forgive
Forgiving yourself and others can be liberating. Many people carry past hurts inside them and are unable to let them go. Start by forgiving yourself - if something you say or do causes misunderstanding or may be interpreted as hurtful, don’t let it sit and don’t beat yourself up over it.Give a sincere apology and then do something to psychologically cleanse, such as taking that thought and imagining yourself throwing it in the garbage can or taking a warm shower when you get home. You can also try these affirmations:
“Life is too short to beat myself up over what’s done in the past. I choose to forgive myself and forgive others.”
“I know how much it hurts me when other people are mad or hold grudges at me. I don’t want to be the one who makes other people feel that way.”
So,folks,make sure you have the best of spirit each day after you wake up! Life would me more meaningful if you view it in a different way and live it to the fullest!! So stay positive y'all!!
How to overcome shyness
1) Determine why you’re shy in the first place. For example, are you scared of what someone might say about your physical appearance? Remember, there’s an underlying reason for how you react in situations.
2) Act as if you’re not shy. In private, behave as if you’re oozing confidence. Hold your chin up, stick your chest out, add a swagger to your walk and speak firmly. It may seem ridiculous, but you will see results when you’re out in public.
3) Practice making eye contact and smiling in your interactions with others. Strike up casual conversations with strangers about weather or current events.
4) Look your best. One way to improve self-consciousness is to always look good and limit ways you can be self-critical.
5) Lower your fear of rejection by imagining the worst possible outcome. If you approach someone, they may say “no” or they may just walk away.
Absolutely everybody has been rejected at some point, but no one has to dwell on it.
6) Look and learn. Watching friends or even strangers who aren’t shy is a good way to learn some tips first-hand.
7) Feel positive about yourself, don’t get frustrated and have fun. Remember, the real goal is to find someone who will like you for who you are.
Keep practising for those who are trying to overcome their shyness. Well,shyness is good sometimes because it is natural in us,but if you are too shy,that is another story...it will just lowering our confident level and consequently our performance....So stay cool and again,stay positive!!
salam...
let me share some interesting facts with you;
1. If you yelled for 8 years, 7 months and 6 days, you would have produced enough sound energy to heat one cup of coffee.
(Hardly seems worth it)
2.Banging your head against a wall uses 150 calories an hour.
3.Right-handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left-handed people do.
4.The ant can lift 50 times its own weight, can pull 30 times its own weight and always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
5.The catfish has over 27,000 taste buds.
6.A cockroach will live nine days without it's head, before it starves to death. (Creepy)
7.Butterflies taste with their feet.
8.The liquid inside young coconuts can be used as substitute for blood plasma.
9. No piece of paper can be folded in half more than 7 times.
10. Donkeys kill more people annually than plane crashes.
11. You burn more calories sleeping than you do watching television.
12. It's physically impossible for you to lick your elbow. (or can you?)
13. The first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's gum.
14. The king of hearts is the only king without a mustache.
15. A Boeing 747s wingspan is longer than the Wright brother's first flight.
16. American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by eliminating 1 olive from each salad served in first-class.
17. Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
18. Apples, not caffeine, are more efficient at waking you up in the morning.
19. Most dust particles in your house are made from dead skin.
20.Almost everyone who reads this will try to lick their elbow
hey there...
now I would like to tell you all about my favorite color which is pink.I believe many girls out there share the same interest with me.So,I hope you will enjoy this information about 'our' color pink;
Pink is a pale red color that was first recorded in the 17th century to describe the pale red flowers of pinks, flowering plants in the genus Dianthus. This color stands for beauty, grace and goodness. Pink itself is a combination of red and white. Other tints of pink may be combinations of rose and white, magenta and white, or orange and white.
Roseus is a Latin word meaning "rosy" or "pink." Lucretius used the word to describe the dawn in his epic poem On the Nature of Things (De Rerum Natura). The word is also used in the binomial names of several species, such as the Rosy Starling (Sturnus roseus) and Catharanthus roseus.
Pink in gender:
In Western culture, the practice of assigning pink to an individual gender began in the 1920s. From then until the 1940s, pink was considered appropriate for boys because it was the more masculine and decided color while blue was considered appropriate for girls because it was the more delicate and dainty color. Since the 1940s, the societal norm apparently inverted so that pink became appropriate for girls and blue appropriate for boys, a practice that has continued into the 21st century.Though the color pink has sometimes been associated with gender stereotypes, some feminists have sought to reclaim it. For example, the Swedish radical feminist party Feminist Initiative uses pink as its color.
Pink is the color of the Breast Cancer Awareness ribbon. Pink was chosen partially because it is so strongly associated with femininity.
It has been suggested that females prefer pink because of an evolutionary preference for reddish things like ripe fruits and healthy faces. This suggestion, however, has been criticized as unsubstantiated.
SALAM AND HELLO AGAIN!
-TOP CAREERS-
When applying for your dream position, you'll need to get the basic right.
This is probably your frist correspondence with a prospective employer, so make your VC and cover letter perfect! Keep your words concise and direct without typos and grammar mistakes.
"When an interviewer's resume pile is several feet high, abad cover letter can reduce your chances of being short-listed and discredit your qualifications," say Nur Haryati Hisyam, human resources manager at Mesiniaga.
Once your letter succeeds in its job, you can start thinking of how to ace the interview. It may not be the frist interview you're had, but you should minimise any hiccups to a possibly exciting career.
Interviews are a fantastic opportunity to shine. Most people can make themselves look good on paper, but interviews are meant to seperate the wheat from the chaff.
PLAN WHAT TO SAY
Prepare the key point you want to get across, and practise how to communicate them clearly.Know the job you're applying for, why you want it and what you can do for the company.
"Research, research, research," say Alicia Ch'ng Lay Im of the business school career services centre at Taylor's University College. "Know the company's background, its produce and services, the market and the competition." Often these detail are as close as the day's newspaper or a few web searches.
Get your clothes ready one day before the interview but don't overdress. Put together any documents you need, along with some pens and writing paper. Try going to bed early even you feel anxious.
Allow plenty of time for your journey on the actual day--you don't want to arrive late and flustered.
DEMONSTRATE CONFIDENCE
First impressions count, so smile and shake hands with the interviewer. Introduce yourself with confidence and optimism. Moniter your own conduct during the whole interview, like eye contact and posture. Ensure that you communicate what you want the interviewer to know, and give your opinions if they're asked for without being too forceful.
Make sure the interviewer knows you are interested in a career rather than a job. Companies invest time and resorces into this application process and they want to feel it's worth their while. So aske about training and what kind of role is expected of you in five or ten years.
If you are trying for a good position at a good company, the interviewer has probably seen many applicants before you. Exert a little more effort to show you are head and shoulder above the rest. "The employment market has becoming increasingly competitive," say's Ch'ng. "Employment market has become more demanding in response."
SPEAKING UP FOR YOURSELF
If you feel the interviwer has not asked you the appropriate questions about your abilities, fill him in on why you the ideal choice with measured humality. Don't be afraid to ask where the company is headed or to suggest ideas.
"Come across as earnest but know your limits," say Nur Haryati. "Good interviewers can pick this up easily and assess the emotionalnmaturity of the candidate."
Above all, you want to show you are a well-rounded individual with balanced interest, a positive attitude, good comunication and interpersonal skills, says Prof. Walter Wong, deputy pro vice-cancellor at Monash University Malaysia. Sample of your work are a great help in some cases.
"This willdiifrentiate you from the other candidates," explain Nur Haryati. "If you are the programmer, have a CD of your past work available. Bring a well-written essay to show the interviewer your writing capability."
ENGAGE THE INTERVIEWER
A good interview is not a one-way street--building a good rapport with the other party goes a long way. Show interest in the interviewer; ask how long he's been with the company and his own career progression. Find some common personal ground if you can, such as hobbies or leisure activities.
Assume you will be invited back and ask about the next step of your application before you leave. Send a follow-up letter or email that contains some relevant thoughts you may have on the interview. Knowing how to close an interview helps your chances as well as knowing how to begin one.
Palestinian Granny…Latest Israel Victim
By Ola Attallah, IOL Correspondent
"They forced me to stay indoor at gunpoint. They prevented me from saving her," Ayyad's daughter told IOL.
GAZA CITY — "They killed my mom in cold blood," cried a tearful Heba. "They knocked her to the ground and left her bleed to death." Mariam Ayyad, a 60-year-old grandmother, was minding her own business when armed-to-the- teeth Israeli soldiers raided her building in the village of Abu Dis, east of occupied Al-Quds, on Sunday, September 21.The Israelis hammered the door and stormed their way into the building.She pleaded with them not to terrorize children and women in their sleep but her pleas fell on deaf ears."The occupation forces stormed their way to detain students from Al-Quds University stay in the same building," recalls Heba with tears strolling down her face."When their went to the direction of my brother's flat my mom rushed and blocked their way with her fragile body. She told them that only his kids and wife were sleeping inside," she adds."They started cursing and beating. Suddenly the soldiers pushed her down the stairs," said the grieving daughter choking to the memory.Ayyad's head hit the ground and her blood soon painted the floor."I was speechless and motionless. There my mom was lying in her own blood on the floor," said Heba growing hysterical."I collected myself and rushed to the door to call an ambulance but the Israeli soldiers prevented me," she added."They forced me to stay indoor at gunpoint. They prevented me from saving her."The director of the clinic where Ayyad was eventually later taken said she arrived dead, with a broken skull and possible internal bleeding.But the Israeli military, as always, denied responsibility saying she only fell on a stairway.No `EidThe tragic death of Ayyad is casting a gloomy shadow over not only her immediate family, but the entire village."I can not imagine our life without her," Heba tells mourners who flock to the family's house to show solidarity."Her laugh echo in my ears and I can see her in every inch of the house."Ayyad's forced absence is leaving a huge vacuum."How would we spend the rest of Ramadan? Who will wake us up for suhur and Fajr," cried her daughter."Who would play with the kids and buy them new clothes for `Eid?"`Eid Al-Fitr, one of the two main religious festivals on the Islamic calendar, marks the end of the holy fasting month of Ramadan."Why did they kill her?" Heba says gazing at her mom's picture on the wall.
assalamualaikum and good evening
The iceberg? a 'piece' of fresh water from glacier that floating in the ocean. i had found the article about iceberg at wikipedia website and also at www.cdli.ca that tell quite detail about this giant ice.
Long ago, earth had been covered by ice before its melting and become ocean and land. Based on the articles, iceberg can be found at the Greenland, a place near Artic and also at the Antartica. Iceberg had been captured in a breathtaking movie - The Titanic and the main cause that made the ship sank. Iceberg come in vary size, from 1 metre till over 75 metre height.
But now, there are less iceberg can be found at North and South Pole as they are melting caused by the global warming. That's why the sea level is rising and flood frequently happened in few countries. For your information, this 'giant ice' can move as fast as 7 km per year (in Greenland) and become the habitat for birds, pinguin and also some kind of artic animals. Watch out for this iceberg as it has small size outer the sea water and the rest is gigantic ice size inside the water. So, don't try to pick up the iceberg if you see them floating on the sea in a very small size. You can't lift them up!
I very interested with this article which is about Michael Dell who built a successful computer business. He was quite excited about the possibilities for personal computer and how they could change society. Meanwhile as a customer, he was disappointed that when he went to a computer store, the sales people didn`t know about computer. So he had this idea to sell the products directly to the user over the phone and internet.
Although he and his father came to an agreement that he would focus on his studies, the business possibilities were to compelling to ignore, and the timing couldn’t have been better.”I want compete with IBM”. There is what he says in his autobiography. Actually at the time, IBM personal computer sold in stores for about 3000 dollars.
Then, he dropped out of university and started Dell Computer Corporation with 1000 dollars. In March 2004, Dell stepped down as CEO to focus on research and technology. As a technology leader, Dell wants to use his position to solve society’s bigger problems, like health care. Most important, Dell will ensure that we deliver the kind of support our customers expect, in tools and technology. One new tool called DellConnect, enable the tech staff to the customer’s computer and fix the problem on the spot or show the customer how to do it. In February, Dell rolled out IdaeStorm a forum for users to brainstorm that works, what doesn’t and what new features theirs like to see introduced. ”we take the customer’s input and design the product and services, “says Dell .As for how long the reorganization will take, Dell says, “It took us some time to get into this challenges ,and will take us some time to get out of them. I think 8 months”.
ainy said...
(medicine)
Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness. Contemporary medicine applies health science, biomedical research, and medical technology to diagnose and treat injury and disease, typically through medication, surgery, or some other form of therapy. The word medicine is derived from the Latin ars medicina, meaning the art of healing.Though medical technology and clinical expertise are pivotal to contemporary medicine, successful face-to-face relief of actual suffering continues to require the application of ordinary human feeling and compassion, known in English as bedside manner.
Physician treating a patient. Louvre Museum, Paris, France.Prehistoric medicine incorporated plants (herbalism), animal parts and minerals. In many cases these materials were used ritually as magical substances by priests, shamans, or medicine men. Well-known spiritual systems include animism (the notion of inanimate objects having spirits), spiritualism (an appeal to gods or communion with ancestor spirits); shamanism (the vesting of an individual with mystic powers); and divination (magically obtaining the truth). The field of medical anthropology studies the various prehistoric medical systems and their interaction with society.
ainy said....
(spiritual)
Spirituality, in a narrow sense, concerns itself with matters of the spirit, a concept closely tied to religious belief and faith, a transcendent reality, or one or more deities. Spiritual matters are thus those matters regarding humankind's ultimate nature and purpose, not only as material biological organisms, but as beings with a unique relationship to that which is perceived to be beyond both time and the material world. Spirituality also implies the mind-body dichotomy, which indicates a separation between the body and soul.
As such, the spiritual is traditionally contrasted with the material, the temporal and the worldly. A perceived sense of connection forms a central defining characteristic of spirituality connection to a metaphysical reality greater than oneself, which may include an emotional experience of religious awe and reverence, or such states as satori or nirvana. Equally importantly, spirituality relates to matters of sanity and of psychological health. Spirituality is the personal, subjective dimension of religion, particularly that which pertains to liberation or salvation.
Spirituality as a way of life concerns itself with aligning the human will and mind with that dimension of life and the universe that is harmonious and ordered. As such spiritual disciplines which are often part of an established religious tradition enjoin practitioners trainees or disciples to cultivate those higher potentialities of the human being that are more noble and refined wisdom and virtue. Accordingly, many spiritual traditions across diverse cultures share similar vocabulary. Terms such as the "path", the "work", the "practice" are universally applied to the ongoing discipline involved in transforming the coarser energies present in the human soul into more subtle and pleasing ones. As a spiritual practitioner one seeks to become free of the lesser egoic self or ego in favor of being more fully one's "true" "Self".
Commonly known as the Festival of Lights, the celebration of Deepavali (or Diwali) marks the triumph of good over evil, the victory of light over dark.
Gazetted by the Government as a one-day public holiday, it is celebrated here in Malaysia by the Hindu community - mainly consisting those of Indian ethnic origin - during the seventh month of the Hindu lunar calendar, which usually falls in either October or November.
Lighting up to celebrate the triumph of good over evil
And it is not called the Festival of Lights for nothing, for it is celebrated with a joyful vivacity, with bright lights and even brighter smiles, as though to underline the traditional meaning and message behind it. Even the word "Deepavali" is etymologically derived from the Sanskrit word that literally means "row of lights".
Let there be light
Deepavali owes its origins to the epic stories narrated in the Hindu religious scriptures.
Perhaps the most popular origin story is recounted in the Ramayana in which Lord Rama reunites with his wife Sita following a 14-year exile, and after having killed the demon king Ravana.
Hindu devotees visiting a Sivan temple. In the epic tale, the denizens of the kingdom of Ayodhya celebrated the prince's triumphant return to his homeland and later, his ascension to the throne, by lighting up their homes and the streets with earthen oil lamps.
This happened on the night of the new moon and is commemorated hence, as the celebration of Deepavali. However, the story of Lord Rama's victory over Ravana is only one out of many that is said to have given rise to this annual celebration.
One other popular tale remembered during the occasion is that of the battle between Lord Krishna and the evil asura (demon) Narakasura. Krishna emerged victorious after a long and drawn-out struggle, and his victory was celebrated with the lighting of lamps.
Yet others believe that Deepavali marks the day when the prideful and evil Mahishasura was vanquished at the hands of the goddess Kali.
Variations notwithstanding, these stories share a common thread; that of the removal of evil, to be replaced by that which is good.
This sense of renewal is reflected in the way Hindus prepare themselves for Deepavali.
Hi....for this time I would like to share a story about LOVE. The title is A BOX FULL OF KISSES. This story about love of a children to his father. At first, she was punished when decorate a box of his father. His father was angry when she give it. Then, when the box full of kisses,he realize his daughter love him very much. He appreciate it and always remember his daughter's kisses even after his child had an accident.
How To Be A Great Friend?
Here there are a few steps to be a great friend to everyone:
1. Be Loyal. Always stick up for your friend and trust them, no matter what. No matter how tempted you may feel to join another side or leave them by themselves, make sure you always come through for them and show them that you'll always be loyal for them. If your best friend knows that, you're off to a good start.
2. Listen. Nobody likes a best friend who just talks and talks, but never listens. If you're a chatterbox, it's okay if you're also a good listener. Whenever your best friend says something, listen carefully and say something. Don't just say "yeah" and move on. Don't interupt or fidget continually while they're talking to you. If they ask for advice, listen carefully and give them the best advise you can. It'll earn you respect and of course, make them come to you more.
3. Be trustworthy. If they tell you a secret, keep it. Don't even leak it out to someone you know you can trust. A secret is a secret. Don't gossip about your best friend, don't say anything that might turn into a rumor, and don't do things that you know would upset them. For example, if you both had a crush on the same person and they asked you out, don't just say yes. Make sure you know your best friend is okay with it. Things like that are sometimes hard to do, but if you want a solid friendship you have to be trustworthy.
4. Stick up for them. Sitting and watching your best friend get picked on or teased is definitely not going to earn you a brownie badge in best friends. If your best friend is getting seriously bullied and you're scared you'll get hurt if you get involved, then get help from a teacher or parents. If you can stick up for them without getting harmed yourself, make sure you do so. Sometimes you can feel totally better after being picked on when a friend tells everyone else to shut up and clear off.
5. Spend time together. Hang out on the weekends every now and then, do some homework together, and chat during break at school. You don't have to live in each others' pockets, but make sure you spend some quality time together with your best friend to make the friendship grow and become stronger.
6. Be yourself. Being yourself around someone is part of what makes you guys best friends. Be best friends with someone who you know you can be yourself around, because it isn't worth it trying to be someone you're not so you can be closer to someone. Don't hold things in either, so if you feel uncomfortable or have hard feelings against your best friend, talk about it with them. Make things comfortable between you two, and you'll both go through thick and thin together.
7. Care for your best friend. If they're away from home, send them cards or care packages to show that you care. If they're sick, call them and ask how they are doing. Best friends care for each other. Show them you appreciate their presence in your life. Write them notes to show that you care and are thankful for them, and ask about their lives. Share your own stories, but make sure you have time for them.
"A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out."
Vegetarian Diet
The world has opened eyes to the harmful side-effects of non-veg food like red meat and is now opening arms to Vegetarian Food. A very common myth found among common man is that vegetarian food doesnt provide you with necessary nutrients but a Vegetarian Diet, in no ways, is deprived of necessary nutrients, only if you have a balanced Vegetarian Diet. Make sure you eat a lot of fruits and dont follow particular monotonous meals.
vegetarian source for these nutrients:
a) Iron:you can find it in Cashews, tomato juice, rice, and tofu.
b) Calcium:can be found in dairy products, fortified soymilk, fortified orange juice, tofu and broccoli.
c) Zinc:can be have from Whole grains (especially the germ and bran of the grain), nuts, tofu, leafy vegetables (lettuce, spinach, cabbage), root vegetables (onions, potatoes, carrots, celery, radishes), eggs and dairy products.
d) Protien:in tempeh, miso lentils, tofu, nuts, seeds, and peas.
e) Vitamin D:in fortified cereals (or a small amount of sunlight) and Fortified milk and soymilk
f) Vitamin B12:from tempeh, miso, eggs, dairy products, fortified soymilk and cereals.. Tempeh and miso are foods made from soybeans.
Various causes of obesity
Taking a more global view, it notes that obesity is caused by a complex and multitude of inter-related causes, “fuelled by economic and psychosocial factors as well as increased availability of energy dense food and reduced physical activity.”
Food systems causes of obesity
The main problem has been the increased availability of high energy food, because of:
* Liberalized international food markets
* Food subsidies that have arguably distorted the food supply in favour of less healthy food stuffs
* Transnational food companies [that] have flooded the global market with cheap to produce, energy dense, nutrient empty foods
* Supermarkets and food service chains [that are] encouraging bulk purchases, convenience foods, and supersized portions
* Healthy eating often being more expensive than less healthy options, (despite global food prices having dropped on average).
* Marketing, especially “food advertising through television [which] aims to persuade individuals—particularly children—that they desire foods high in saturated fats, sugars, and salt.”
The local environment and obesity
How people live, what factors make them active or sedentary are also a factor. For exapmle,
* Research, mainly in high income countries, indicates that local urban planning and design can influence weight in several ways.
* For example, levels of physical activity are affected by
o Connected streets and the ability to walk from place to place
o Provision of and access to local public facilities and spaces for recreation and play
* The increasing reliance on cars leads to physical inactivity, and while a long-time problem in rich countries, is a growing problem in developing countries.
Social conditions and obesity
* Working and living conditions, such as having enough money for a healthy standard of living, underpin compliance with national health guidelines
* Increasingly less job control, security, flexibility of working hours, and access to paid family leave … undermining the material and psychosocial resources necessary for empowering individuals and communities to make healthy living choices.
* Inequality, which can lead to different groups being disadvantaged and having less access to needed resources and healthier foods
Here i would like to share two short-story that I already read. I hope You can get point for both story. First story is HIGH AND LIFTED UP. This story happened in autumn,windy day. It is about Tommy, a boy played outside. He always wish to be a leaf and ran out into the yard among the swirl of colors. When his mother looked for him, he was not there. he knew a life of leaf when he tried to safe the maple life from fire but the leaf cannot see. Then Tommy want to have fun on the dump but luckily his mother come and save him from fire. Lastly his mother give him a leaf and said "You can have a thousand leaf but a thousand leaf cannot replace You in my heart".
For the second short-story is LOVE AND TIME. This story about an island that have all the felling like on it. One day, the island sunk, love the only one who stayed there. As the island almost sunk, love asked for help. Nobody help love except an elder. When love asked knowledge about the felling that help, knowledge said it was time because only time is capable to understand how valuable love is.
Learning Tips Based On Brain Fact.
1. Your brain loves color. Use colored pens – good quality, not gel pens – or use colored paper. Color helps memory.
2. Your brain can effectively focus and concentrate for up to 25 minutes (adults). Take a 10-minute break after every 20-30 minutes of studying. Go do some chores: rake the lawn, iron a shirt, vacuum. Come back after 10 minutes and do another focused, intense session.
3. Your brain needs to be rested to learn fast and remember best. If you are tired take a 20-minute nap first otherwise you are wasting your study time.
4. Your brain loves questions. When you come up with questions in class or when reading a book, your brain automatically searches for answers, making the learning faster. A good question has more than one answer.
5. Your brain and body have their own rhythm cycles: there are times during the day when you are more alert than others. You will save time learning if you study during your peak periods. If you have a part-time job that happens during your peak period you may wan to reconsider if it is wise to be giving your employer your best learning time.
6. Your brain and body communicate constantly. If your body is slouched down, the message the brain gets is that “this is not important” and so it doesn’t pay as close attention. In any learning situation, sit up and lean forward to help keep your mind alert. Buy a good quality, adjustable the chair.
7. Your brain is affected by smells. Use aromatherapy to keep your brain alert. Peppermint, lemon and cinnamon are good ones to experiment with.
8. Your brain needs oxygen. Get out there and exercise.
9. Your brain needs space. Be sure that you are not trying to study in a small cramped area.
10. Your brain needs repetition. It is better to do short frequent reviews than one long review because what counts is how many times your brain sees something, not how long is sees it in one sitting.
11. Your brain can understand faster than you can read. Use a pencil or finger to “lead” your eyes. By doing so you help your eyes move more quickly.
12. Your brain seeks patterns and connections. When you are learning something, ask yourself, “What does this remind me of?” This will also help your memory because it connects the new knowledge to something you already know.
13. Your brain loves fun. We learn in direct proportion to how much fun we are having. Learning is life. Live it up!
Tips to pick-up a women..
1. Making a comment about the SURROUNDINGS.
This is the safest and universal conversation-starter. Wherever you are, something’s always happening around you. There are people, or cars, or queues, or something else. Even if there is nothing happening, you can make a comment about that! Use a bit of humor in your comment and most of the time you will get a favorable answer.
For example:
- Hi,today very hot right, I see you are also shivering/sweating. By the way, my name is Jay. What is your name?
2. Inquiring about something unusual in their appearance.
This requires some skill but after a while you will be able to pick up something in an instant. It can be a tattoo, a piece of jewelry, a handbag, or even an unusual color. People don’t buy things at random. They buy them and wear them because they LIKE them, or because they MEAN something to them. They have some pleasant emotion attached to it. If you mention this thing, you can tap into this pleasant emotion and they will consider your advances more favorably.
For example:
- Hi, I was looking at your earrings; they are exactly what I was looking for, as a present for my sister. Where did you get them? And by the way, my name is Jay.
3. Asking for a comment from a woman’s/man’s point of view.
This is my favorite!
For some mysterious reason, we just LOVE rendering our opinion as a woman/man. This is such a successful conversation-starter; you can use it anywhere, on anyone. Even 90-year-old grannies will be happy to answer your inquiries.
For example:
- Hi! I am Jay. My friend and I were talking about what women value the most in men they date, and could not agree. Could you please help us out with a woman’s opinion?
students..
International variations
Students in rural Sudan, 2002
Over one thousand students in uniform during an assembly at a secondary school in Singapore.
[edit] Australia
In Australia, after Kindergarten, children begin primary school, starting with 'grade prep' and continuing 'grade one', 'grade two' through to 'grade six'. They then move on to secondary school (also known as high school) for 'year seven' through to 'year twelve'. After year twelve, students may pursue tertiary education at university or TAFE (technical and further education). Children in primary and secondary school are all referred to as students. The term student is used for all learners including primary school, secondary school and university/TAFE.
[edit] Canada
In Canada, special terms are occasionally used. In English provinces, the high school (known as Academy or secondary school) years can be referred to simply as first, second, third, fourth and fifth year. Some areas call it by grade such as Grade 10, Grade 11 and Grade 12. Provincial variations can include Grade 9 in High School, though most in most provinces, Grades 10 through 12 are considered High School, with Grades 7 through 9 called "Junior High." In university, students are classified as first-, second-, third-, or fourth-year students. In some occasions, they can be called Senior Ones, Twos, Threes, and Fours. First years are commonly known as "frosh", and the first week of university for first year students is commonly known as Frosh week.
[edit] Continental Europe
In Belgian universities, first-year students are called schacht in Flemish, or bleu in French.
[edit] United Kingdom and Ireland
The term student is usually reserved for people studying at University level in the UK. Children studying at school are called pupils.
In England and Wales, teenagers in the last two years of school are called "sixth formers". If pupils follow the average pattern of school attendance, pupils will be in the "lower sixth" between the ages of 16 and 17, and the "upper sixth" between 17 and 18. They "go up" to University after the upper sixth.
In Scotland pupils sit Highers at the end of fifth year (when aged 16-17) after which it is possible for them to gain entry to university. However, many do not achieve the required grades and remain at school for sixth year. Even among those that do achieve the necessary grades it is common to remain at school and undertake further study (i.e. other subjects or Advanced Highers) and then start university at the same time as their friends and peers.
At universities in the United Kingdom and Ireland the term "fresher" is used to describe new students who are just beginning their first year. It would be unusual to call someone a fresher after their first few weeks at University. There is little derogatory connotation to this name in the UK, except for an occasional reference to "freshers" in a tone that implies naivety. More commonly, it will be used in a kindly fashion. For instance, a University official might ask a student if they are a fresher without any hint of a put down.
The term "first year" is the more commonly used, and connotation free, term for students in their first year. The week at the start of a new year is called "Freshers' Week" or "Welcome Week", with a programme of special events to welcome new students. An undergraduate in the last year of study before graduation is generally known as a "finalist", or simply a third year (in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland ) or a fourth year (in Scotland and the Republic of Ireland).
The ancient Scottish University of St Andrews uses the terms "bejant" for a first year (from the French "bec-jaune" – "yellow beak", "fledgling"). Second years are called "semi-bejants", third years are known as "tertians", and fourth years, or others in their final year of study, are called "magistrands".
For pupils, first of all is primary school and it starts off with Reception (similar to Kindergarten) and then move on to "year one, year two" and so on until "year six". Children join secondary school in year 7 (when they are 11-12 year olds) up to year 11 and then after is sixth form, whereas a student entering a fee-paying school (usually a year later) would join the "third form" — equivalent to year 9 — many schools have an alternate name for first years, some with a derogatory basis, but in others acting merely as a description — for example "shells" (non-derogatory) or "grubs" (derogatory).
NST Online » World News (Agence France - Presse)
Pakistan quake kills 170, leaves thousands homeless
Thousands of people in mountainous southwest Pakistan on Wednesday bedded down for a freezing night in the open, after a powerful earthquake destroyed their homes and killed at least 170.
The 6.4-magnitude pre-dawn quake flattened mud houses and triggered landslides in the impoverished province of Baluchistan, killing or injuring their occupants as they slept.
Survivors were sent screaming into the streets in panic, eyewitnesses said.
At least eight villages were badly hit by the massive tremors, local police and officials said, voicing fears that some 46,000 people living in the wider region could now be in need of shelter and other assistance.
An AFP correspondent in one of the worst-affected villages, Wam, said emergency tents had not yet arrived and exhausted villagers had hunkered down in the ruined shells of their homes as temperatures plunged below zero.
They spent the day in a desperate search for loved ones or burying the dead in mass graves, as aftershocks nearly as big as the initial quake pounded the landscape, sending rocks spewing from nearby peaks and sparking fresh panic.
"The local graveyard has been devastated and we have no alternative. We have to bury them in mass graves," said local teacher Malik Abdul Hamid, 35. He said he had lost 15 family members.
"We have so far buried 140 bodies in two mass graves. The dead were mostly women and children."
Dilawar Kakar, mayor of the historic hill town of Ziarat, about 50 kilometres (30 miles) north of the provincial capital Quetta, told AFP the death toll stood at 170, while about 400 people in the area were injured.
Virtually all houses were reduced to rubble either in the initial quake or by aftershocks. Schools and hospitals were also damaged, he added.
Earlier Khushal Khan, spokesman for the provincial revenue minister Zamarak Khan, said local people had told him about 6,000 people have been made homeless and in one case, 29 members of the same family died.
Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani both expressed their condolences to relatives of those killed and injured, the state-run Associated Press of Pakistan said.
Neighbour and rival India quickly offered any help that might be required while Turkey's Red Crescent and other foreign aid agencies said they too stood ready to assist.
Two teams from the International Committee of the Red Cross have already arrived in the area and are assessing the situation and the needs of the survivors, the humanitarian body said from Geneva.
The first official government figures from the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) put the death toll at 115 so far, with nearly 300 injured, its chairman, retired Lieutenant General Farooq Ahmed, told a news conference.
Most of the victims were from outlying villages, but buildings collapsed in Ziarat and communications were cut while the main road to Quetta was also hit, with wide cracks and boulders blocking the way, an AFP reporter said.
Soldiers, helicopters, tents, blankets, food and medical help have been sent from Quetta to Ziarat and an aerial assessment of the damage has begun, the Pakistani military said.
The NDMA's Ahmed said the situation was under control and there was no need for external aid.
But Ziarat's mayor said the 3,000 tents sent so far were not enough.
"We have asked the government to send at least 10,000 tents as the temperature in the mountainous town is sub-zero and people need shelter during the night," he added.
There were no immediate reports of casualties or structural damage in neighbouring Afghanistan, which borders the province, police there said.
Ziarat is a historic hill resort famed for its juniper forests. It receives visitors from all over Pakistan in summer who come to see the holiday home of the country's founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah.
A 7.6-magnitude earthquake in northwest Pakistan and Kashmir killed 74,000 people and displaced 3.5 million in October 2005.
In 1935 a massive quake killed around 30,000 people in Quetta, which at the time was part of British-ruled India.
School Sponsorship Programme
GROWING PAIN=pride and joy...
BEN IBRAHIM writes on the importance of family.
MY wise friends always tell me that as you get older, life becomes more complicated.
I used to think it was the other way around because people take you seriously when you are an adult. Therefore, you cannot wait to grow up to make your own decisions.
While going through the journey to adulthood, I believe that things happen for a reason and certain events have a meaning or a message.
During Hari Raya, I attended many open houses. These occasions are always a great opportunity to catch up with family and friends, especially my pals who have just started their own families and socialising is their last priority.
The story that I want to share with you today is not about the meaning of Ramadan and Hari Raya or the spirit of the religious holiday season (regardless of one’s faith). It is more about appreciating family.
Prior to the Beijing Olympic Games, I wrote about how strong a role our parents play in our lives. Just ask any Olympian — who does all the hard work behind the scenes?
Most would say their mums and dads. As much as we love our folks, there are days when we still have arguments with them. But both parties will forgive each other eventually because they are family.
When attending the open houses, it was a pleasant experience to see the smiles on young and old faces because they had their family around them.
This joyous moment also made me feel a bit sad for those who did not even know what family is because they are orphans.
I remember an expatriate friend once told me that I was the richest man in the world.
When I asked him “why?”, he responded, “You have a family that cares for you and that is something money can’t buy.”
Recently I attended the open house of Media Prima chairman Datuk Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Razak.
The function was an excellent affair filled with great food and hospitality.
Abdul Mutalib and his wife Datin Radziah Mohd Daud made sure everybody was well fed and comfortable.
In fact, Abdul Mutalib prepared the mee rebus himself.
The highlight of this open house was not so much the food or catching up with good friends, but that it was for residents from Pusat Penjagaan Anak-Anak Yatim & Ibu Tunggal, Taman Medan, Petaling Jaya.
The children do not have family to visit during Raya or even share life’s special moments.
They have not started life in the ideal way, and I pray that their journey of growing up and decision making will be less stressful now.
Not only did they get to enjoy a good selection of food, but they were also given duit raya and Media Prima gifts such as caps, writing material and T-shirts.
Abdul Mutalib and his wife have been inviting orphans to their house every year for some time.
Abdul Mutalib said: “It gives us joy to see the children enjoying themselves.”
He also stressed that “we should try and give back to society because not everyone has a loving home and family. This is something that we have tried to emphasise to our children while they were growing up.”
For Radziah, providing for underprivileged children is one of her passions.
She is a retired matron and has been involved in early childhood education over the last 20 years.
Her resume is impressive. She is a member of the Pre-school Curriculum Development Committee of the Education Ministry, Curriculum Development committee member of Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat, and consultant for development of children’s educational holiday camps and Born to Read projects.
She has won numerous awards for her contribution to society, but she shied away from telling me her achievements.
When I asked the host and hostess their motivation behind the orphans programme, they said: “It’s simple. It’s our pride and joy. A smile goes a long way.”
UNIVERSITY...
Early history
Further information: List of oldest universities in continuous operation
Representation of a university class in the 1350s
The original Latin word "universitas", first used in time of renewed interest in Classical Greek and Roman tradition, tried to reflect this feature of the Academy of Plato (established 385 BC). The term "academia" is sometimes extended to a number of educational institutions of non-Western antiquity, including China, India and Persia:
* Academies such as Shang Hsiang, and later Taixue and Guozijian, succeeded by the medieval Academies of Classical Learning
* Taxila[2] in Gandhara and the Buddhist Nalanda University[3] in Bihar, India (5th century BC)
* The Sassanid Academy of Gundishapur was founded in the 5th century in Persia/Iran.
The University of Constantinople, founded as an institution of higher learning in 425 and reorganized as a corporation of students in 849 by the regent Bardas of emperor Michael III, is considered by some to be the earliest institution of higher learning with some of the characteristics we associate today with a university (research and teaching, auto-administration, academic independence, et cetera). If a university is defined as "an institution of higher learning" then it is preceded by several others, including the Academy that it was founded to compete with and eventually replaced. If the original meaning of the word is considered "a corporation of students" then this could be the first example of such an institution.[4]
If the definition of a university is assumed to mean an institution of higher education and research which issues academic degrees at all levels (bachelor, master and doctorate) like in the modern sense of the word, then the medieval Madrasahs known as Jami'ah ("university" in Arabic) founded in the 9th century would be the first examples of such an institution.[5][6] The University of Al Karaouine in Fez, Morocco is thus recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest degree-granting university in the world with its founding in 859 by Fatima al-Fihri.[7] Also in the 9th century, Bimaristan medical schools were founded in the medieval Islamic world, where medical degrees and diplomas were issued to students of Islamic medicine who were qualified to be a practicing Doctor of Medicine.[6][8] Al-Azhar University, founded in Cairo, Egypt in 975, was a Jami'ah university which offered a variety of post-graduate degrees (Ijazah),[6] and had individual faculties[9] for a theological seminary, Islamic law and jurisprudence, Arabic grammar, Islamic astronomy, early Islamic philosophy, and logic in Islamic philosophy.[6]
Medieval universities
The University of Salamanca in Spain, founded 1218
Main article: Medieval university
The first higher education institution in medieval Europe was the University of Constantinople, followed by the University of Salerno (9th century), the Preslav Literary School and Ohrid Literary School in the Bulgarian Empire (9th century). The first degree-granting universities in Europe were the University of Bologna (1088), the University of Paris (c. 1150, later associated with the Sorbonne), the University of Oxford (1167), the University of Cambridge (1209), the University of Salamanca (1218), the University of Montpellier (1220), the University of Padua (1222), the University of Naples Federico II (1224), and the University of Toulouse (1229).[10][11] Some scholars such as George Makdisi,[5] John Makdisi[12] and Hugh Goddard[13] argue that these medieval universities were influenced in many ways by the medieval Madrasah institutions in Islamic Spain, the Emirate of Sicily, and the Middle East (during the Crusades).
The earliest universities in Western Europe were developed under the aegis of the Catholic Church, usually as cathedral schools or by papal bull as Studia Generali (NB: The development of cathedral schools into Universities actually appears to be quite rare, with the University of Paris being an exception - see Leff, Paris and Oxford Universities), later they were also founded by Kings (Charles University in Prague, Jagiellonian University in Krakow) or municipal administrations (University of Cologne, University of Erfurt). In the early medieval period, most new universities were founded from pre-existing schools, usually when these schools were deemed to have become primarily sites of higher education. Many historians state that universities and cathedral schools were a continuation of the interest in learning promoted by monasteries.
In Europe, young men proceeded to university when they had completed their study of the trivium–the preparatory arts of grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic or logic–and the quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. (See Degrees of the University of Oxford for the history of how the trivium and quadrivium developed in relation to degrees, especially in anglophone universities).
Outside of Europe, there were many notable institutions of learning throughout history. In China, there was the famous Hanlin Academy, established during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), and was once headed by the Chancellor Shen Kuo (1031-1095), a famous Chinese scientist, inventor, mathematician, and statesman.[citation needed]
Modern universities
The tower of the University of Coimbra, the oldest Portuguese university
Main article: History of European research universities
The end of the medieval period marked the beginning of the transformation of universities that would eventually result in the modern research university. Many external influences, such as eras of humanism, Enlightenment, Reformation, and revolution, shaped research universities during their development.
By the 18th century, universities published their own research journals, and by the 19th century, the German and the French university models had arisen. The German, or Humboldtian model, was conceived by Wilhelm von Humboldt and based on Friedrich Schleiermacher’s liberal ideas pertaining to the importance of freedom, seminars, and laboratories in universities.[citation needed] The French university model involved strict discipline and control over every aspect of the university.
Until the 19th century, religion played a significant role in university curriculum; however, the role of religion in research universities decreased in the 19th century, and by the end of the 19th century, the German university model had spread around the world. Universities concentrated on science in the 19th and 20th centuries and become increasingly accessible to the masses. In Britain the move from industrial revolution to modernity saw the arrival of new civic universities with an emphasis on science and engineering. The British also established universities worldwide, and higher education became available to the masses not only in Europe. In a general sense, the basic structure and aims of universities have remained constant over the years.[citation needed]
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
In computer engineering, computer architecture is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It is a blueprint and functional description of requirements (especially speeds and interconnections) and design implementations for the various parts of a computer — focusing largely on the way by which the central processing unit (CPU) performs internally and accesses addresses in memory.
It may also be defined as the science and art of selecting and interconnecting hardware components to create computers that meet functional, performance and cost goals.
Computer architecture comprises at least three main subcategories:[1]
* Instruction set architecture, or ISA, is the abstract image of a computing system that is seen by a machine language (or assembly language) programmer, including the instruction set, memory address modes, processor registers, and address and data formats.
* Microarchitecture, also known as Computer organization is a lower level, more concrete and detailed, description of the system that involves how the constituent parts of the system are interconnected and how they interoperate in order to implement the ISA.[2] The size of a computer's cache for instance, is an organizational issue that generally has nothing to do with the ISA.
* System Design which includes all of the other hardware components within a computing system such as:
1. system interconnects such as computer buses and switches
2. memory controllers and hierarchies
3. CPU off-load mechanisms such as direct memory access
4. issues like multi-processing.
Once both ISA and microarchitecture has been specified, the actual device needs to be designed into hardware. This design process is called implementation. Implementation is usually not considered architectural definition, but rather hardware design engineering.
Implementation can be further broken down into three (not fully distinct) pieces:
* Logic Implementation - design of blocks defined in the microarchitecture at (primarily) the register-transfer and gate levels.
* Circuit Implementation - transistor-level design of basic elements (gates, multiplexers, latches etc) as well as of some larger blocks (ALUs, caches etc) that may be implemented at this level, or even (partly) at the physical level, for performance reasons.
* Physical Implementation - physical circuits are drawn out, the different circuit components are placed in a chip floor-plan or on a board and the wires connecting them are routed.
For CPUs, the entire implementation process is often called CPU design.
More specific usages of the term include more general wider-scale hardware architectures, such as cluster computing and Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures.
English is a west Germanic language originating in England and is the first language for most people in United States, United Kingdom, Canada,Australia , New Zealand , Ireland and Anglophone Caribbean. It is used extensively as a second language and as an official language throughout the world, especially in Commonwealth countries and in many international organisations.
Modern English , sometimes described as the first global lingua franca is the dominant international language in communications, science, business, aviation, entertainment, radio and diplomacy. The initial reason for its enormous spread beyond the bounds of the British Isles where it was originally a native tongue was the British Empire, and by the late nineteenth century its influence had won a truly global reach. It is the dominant language in the United States and the growing economic and cultural influence and status as a global superpower since World War II has significantly accelerated adoption of English as a language across the planet.
A working knowledge of English has become a requirement in a number of fields, occupations and professions such as medicine and as a consequence over a billion people speak English to at least a basic level (see English language learning and teaching).
Linguists such as David Crystal recognize that one impact of this massive growth of English, in common with other global languages, has been to reduce native linguistic diversity in many parts of the world historically, most particularly in Australasia and North America, and its huge influence continues to play an important role in language attrition. By a similar token, historical linguists, aware of the complex and fluid dynamics of language change, are always alive to the potential English contains through the vast size and spread of the communities that use it and its natural internal variety, such as in its creoles and pidgins, to produce a new family of distinct languages over time.
English is one of six official languages of the United Nations.
Get Instant Energy
Your body creates energy from nutrients, oxygen and invigorating stimuli, such as fragrance. Natural mood, beauty and body boosters such as these suit our increasingly busy lives because they provide an instant lift and are so simple to do each day.
Massage your ears. According to traditional Chinese medicine, stimulating acupressure points on your ears increases blood circulation, and thus energy. Vigorously rub your ears all over for about a minute. They should start to feel hot and, almost immediately, you should feel more alert. Start at the lobe and massage to the top of the ear.
Taking a power shower. Sprinkle eucalyptus oil on the floor of your shower before stepping in. Stand under steaming hot water and rub your body with loofah. The eucalyptus scent stimulates your brain, while the hot water and the rub-down increase blood flow, sending oxygen to your cells where it's transformed into energy.
Wake up with a break. Your body can only handle about 45 minutes of sitting without becoming fatigued. Get up and march around briskly for three to five minutes, or do some quick stretches or squats.
Make a splash. Dip a face washer in cold water and wet both the front and back of your neck. Then gargle with cold water for a couple of seconds. Your neck and throat are rich with sensitive nerves, and by stimulating them with the cold water, you shock them into the ‘fight-or-flight' reaction, which temporarily shifts more blood towards your brain
My comment:Peoples nowadays are easily getting tired because of work load so,its better to get a fast source of energy to charge up the body system...and the best way is by following the tips given..
Today I would like to share the personality traits of the twelve signs of horoscope in the western astrology that we use to refer at. While reading you also can check how may percent that is correct about yourself or others.
• Aries (The Ram) (fire, cardinal, personal)
From dates March 21 to April 19.
Keyword: "I am".
Freedom-loving, assertive, individualistic, independent, intellectual, pioneering, leader, action-oriented, fiery, straightforward, passionate, powerful. Can be extreme, arrogant, intemperate, violent, headstrong, impulsive.
•Taurus (The Bull) (earth, fixed, personal)
From dates April 20 to May 20.
Keyword: "I have".
Resourceful, thorough, devoted, patient, sensual, affectionate, cautious, musical, artistic, solid, earthy, strong, sturdy, kind. Can be slow, possessive, stubborn, acquisitive, indulgent.
•Gemini (The Twins) (air, mutable, personal)
From dates May 21 to June 21.
Keyword: "I think".
Logical, inquisitive, lively, active, curious, multi-tasking, talkative, sociable, duality, mercurial, whimsical. Can be superficial, two-faced, inconstant, restless, impulsive, headstrong, stubborn.
•Cancer (The Crab) (water, cardinal, personal)
From dates June 22 to July 22.
Keyword: "I feel".
Protective, sensitive, tenacious, family and home oriented, helpful, nurturing, watery, emotional, loving. Can be crabby, clinging, moody, worrying, pessimistic.
•Leo (The Lion) (fire, fixed, social)
From dates July 23 to August 22.
Keyword: "I will".
Generous, proud, theatrical, passionate, sunny, bright, kingly, powerful, loves attention, dramatic, independent, noble, creative, leader. Can be arrogant, bossy, boastful, egotistic, snobbish.
•Virgo (The Virgin) (earth, mutable, social)
From August 23 to September 22.
Keyword: "I analyze".
Practical, imaginative, creative, efficient, critical, work and service oriented, common sense, modest, health conscious, mentally active, helpful, flexible. Can be pedantic, fussy, over-critical, worrying, over fastidious.
•Libra (The Scales) (air, cardinal, social)
From dates September 23 to October 23.
Keyword: "I balance".
Co-operative, diplomatic, urbane, fair, needs partnerships, refined, balanced, graceful, charming, debative, just, open-minded, social. Can be lazy, indecisive, dull, rationalizing.
•Scorpio (The Scorpion) (water, fixed, social)
From dates October 24 to November 22.
Keyword: "I desire".
Passionate, secretive, powerful, keenly perceptive, deep, complex, analytical, inquisitive, resourceful, magnetic, intense, hypnotic, sexual, perspicacious, creative, vigorous, untameable, ambitious. Can be jealous, controlling, possessive, aggressive, cunning, cruel.
•Sagittarius (The Archer) (fire, mutable, universal)
From November 23 to December 21.
Keyword: "I perceive".
Freedom loving, straightforward, extrovert, philosophical, intellectual, fun-loving, arrogant, adventurous, expansive, optimistic. Can be blundering, scattered, careless, jealous, too-serious, tactless.
•Capricorn (The Sea-goat) (earth, cardinal, universal)
From dates December 22 to January 19.
Keyword: "I use". Prudent, cautious, patient, methodical, practical, reserved, ambitious, authoritative, competent. Can be saturnine, suspicious, rigid, cunning, over-cautious, pessimistic.
•Aquarius (The Water Carrier) (air, fixed, universal)
From dates January 20 to February 18.
Keyword: "I know".
Democratic, unconventional, detached, friendship oriented, humanitarian, cause-oriented, believes in the group/society, progressive, sophisticated, trend setting, magnetic, independent, objective, opinionated, devoted to goals, outspoken. Can be eccentric, elitist, dogmatic, aloof.
•Pisces (The Fishes) (water, mutable, universal)
From February 19 to March 20.
Keyword: "I believe".
Imaginative, sensitive, compassionate, feeling, idealistic, spiritual, accepting, undiscriminating, creative, mystic, self-sacrificing, artistic. Can be impractical, neglectful, escapist, lazy, distracted.
I recently read an article that supposedly told the secrets on how a man can make a woman fall in love with him. Some of the so called secrets, I found silly. Yet, some of them made a little bit of sense.
1. Watch your body language. Okay, I realize that body language does play a big part of the first impression. But the article stated that it played a significant part, fifty five percent to be exact. I don't think I would go that far. Then it went on to advise men to stand with their hands in their pockets, which would cause their chest to puff out a bit. This is suppose to be an attractive male look. I disagree. I think this would make a man look like he was trying desperately to call attention to his chest to look to manly, to masculine.
Yet, I agree you shouldn't stand with your hands folded across your body. To me this projects a guarded attitude, not a good way to start a relationship.
2. Fear can cause an adrenaline rush. Therefore men are suppose to strike up a conversation with women at such adrenaline rushing events such as roller coaster rides, action packed suspense films, etc. Then it went on to say that if women finds a man attractive the extra adrenaline rush can cause us to become more aroused. I don't get aroused when I am scared. I wouldn't even notice a man, if I was really scared. As for striking up a conversation after a roller coaster ride, not a good time for me. I have a weak stomach. I would be too busy trying to make sure I wouldn't up chuck on the guy.
3. Love and laughter can go together. The article advise men to take their dates to comedy movies or to share some jokes. Okay, I do like to laugh, so this one could be a winner.
4. Music makes her heart flutter. Women, do like music. But women likes all types of music. The article said jazz was something women didn't like. Not true, many women love this type of music.
5. Gaze into her eyes. This one I really liked. Actually, my husband used to always stare into my eyes, especially when I was talking. It made me feel special, wanted and most importantly I actually felt like he was listening. A big plus for him.
But you watch about overdoing the staring or you will come off looking like a want to be stalker.
Denim doesn’t have to be casual. Dressing up denim can be a fun, yet challenging fashion mission. This everyday staple can look just as dressy with some must-have finishing touches. Learn some hip tips to dress up your favorite piece of clothing.
Many women wear jeans on a daily basis and often times dressed down. But, denim can look great with “dressier” flair and can take the place of several dressier pieces in other fabrics that you have in your wardrobe…
1. Think like the French. A French fashioner won’t step outside her home not dressed. And, by this I mean dressed up. They seem to have that effortlessly chic way about them, which crosses over to the way they dress…flawlessly. For the oh-so-pulled-together look, try pairing a pair of signature Salvatore Ferraro flats with a savvy jean skirt. Make sure the top is fitted and wear gorgeous jewelry.
2. Trousers. Think jean trousers in a darker denim shade, which instantly makes the look more dressed up. Pair it with a tweed Chanel-esque blazer and pearls for drama.
3. The little jean dress. Forget the little black dress; it’s time for the little jean dress. Pair with a trench coat. A little belt and gold jewelry would really make this look hip.
4. The jean jacket. Go for tailored and sleek with small details. Wear black slimming pants with this look.
5. Jeans. Boot cut jeans can be dressed up with a button down shirt or any other dressy shirt. Make it unique with sparkly cuff links (that look great on women too).
6. Keep the makeup and hair extremely pulled together and flawless, which will in turn make your dressy denim look, irresistible.
The Darker the Better
The darker your shade of denim the better because indigo shades of blue tends to look dressier than their lighter shaded counterparts. This goes for everything, from dresses, to jeans to skirts. It’s your key to looking more pulled together and your denim…dressier.
Accessories
When dressing up anything, you know that adding certain accessories can really make any look extra dramatic. The same goes for dressing up denim. Don’t be afraid to add some extra sparkly jewelry to the look. Pearls would be a nice touch for extra glamour or a charm necklace would make the look funky, yet interesting. Gold jewelry would also offset denim nicely, like large gold hoops and several gold bangles. Go for bold purses in savvy bring colors as well. Anything designer will give it that extra appeal and the luxe look you’re going for. For shoes, anything with a heel will instantly give your outfit more pizazz.
D.I.Y
Or, you could do-it-yourself… There are several things you could do to actually do to your jeans to give them that extra sparkle. Just be creative. Add ribbon or studded rhinestones or anything else you can think of. Become your very own designer.
When dressing up denim, just remember anything goes. What’s fun about fashion, is trying new things. And, if you haven’t dressed up your favorite everyday staple yet, now is the time.
This evening I recently read an article HOW TO BE A GOOD MAN IN LOVE.According this article,good man always gives his woman as many options as possible, you could ride in your new car today, go to the zoo on a weekend, Go out for a game. She will be exited throughout such an adventure and i know that would be your happiness too. Most women are very delicate and would consider you insensitive if you do not take her out once in a while, i do not think she minds it since it does not happen every day.
Be the unimaginable good man in love, give the impression that you are crazy about her and can go to any heights just for her. Call her late at night and suggest to go see her, and since your intentions are clear, i bet she will not misinterpret your move. It will be flattering to her to just imagine you can dare take up the risk of moving to her place late at night.
I know a good man in love will always avoid arguments but it might reach an extent where this will work against him. Do not say yes to every one of her request or opinion. Let her hate you if she wants to but let your stand be known to her. It is ridiculous to accommodate everything and accept every blame just to be on the safe side. Soon you will notice she respects you no more. She takes you for granted and it is then you will appreciate that familiarity breeds contempt. Push your point until she gets it and you will be happy you chose to be a good man in love.
A girl worth her salt will evaluate his worth too before she commits her heart to him. Demonstrate that you are focused and capable of achieving great goals. If all you talk about is how old you are and how your mother has never gotten tired of supporting you, you are losing it as the good man in love! No girl wants to hear how much of mama boy you are. That shows that you are either too irresponsible or too pampered to work out a relationship.
Last but not least, do your homework well and be patient. Do not wake up tomorrow and all you want to apply everything at once. Remember you have been the good man in love who wants to change his course in order to fetch more affection. People will question your sincerity and you will not even go far in your mission. Internalize the ideas and learn to live by the rules of being a good man in love.
After talk about the western astrology,is time to share aomething about my religion which is chinese astrology.
Actually not only have twele horoscope sign. There are twelve zodiac animals in chinese astrology too. Below will be some of the characteristics of the signs.
1.Rat (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Water)
Forthright, disciplined, systematic, meticulous, charismatic, hardworking, industrious, charming, eloquent, sociable, shrewd. Can be manipulative, vindictive, mendacious, venal, selfish, obstinate, critical, over-ambitious, ruthless, intolerant, scheming.
2.Ox (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Water)
Dependable, calm, methodical, patient, hardworking, ambitious, conventional, steady, modest, logical, resolute, tenacious. Can be stubborn, narrow-minded, materialistic, rigid, demanding.
3.Tiger (Yang, 3rd Trine, Fixed Element Wood)
Unpredictable, rebellious, colourful, powerful, passionate, daring, impulsive, vigorous, stimulating, sincere, affectionate, humanitarian, generous. Can be restless, reckless, impatient, quick-tempered, obstinate, selfish.
4.Rabbit (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Wood)
Gracious, kind, sensitive, soft-spoken, amiable, elegant, reserved, cautious, artistic, thorough, tender, self-assured, astute, compassionate, flexible. Can be moody, detached, superficial, self-indulgent, opportunistic, lazy.
5.Dragon (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Wood)
Magnanimous, stately, vigorous, strong, self-assured, proud, noble, direct, dignified, zealous, fiery, passionate, decisive, pioneering, ambitious, generous, loyal. Can be arrogant, imperious, tyrannical, demanding, eccentric, grandiloquent and extremely bombastic, prejudiced, dogmatic, over-bearing, violent, impetuous, brash.
6.Snake (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Fire)
Deep thinker, wise, mystic, graceful, soft-spoken, sensual, creative, prudent, shrewd, ambitious, elegant, cautious, responsible, calm, strong, constant, purposeful. Can be loner, bad communicator, possessive, hedonistic, self-doubting, distrustful, and mendacious.
7.Horse (Yang, 3rd Trine, Fixed Element Fire)
Cheerful, popular, quick-witted, changeable, earthy, perceptive, talkative, agile mentally and physically, magnetic, intelligent, astute, flexible, open-minded. Can be fickle, anxious, rude, gullible, stubborn.
8.Ram (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Fire)
Righteous, sincere, sympathetic, mild-mannered, shy, artistic, creative, gentle, compassionate, understanding, mothering, determined, peaceful, generous, seeks security. Can be moody, indecisive, over-passive, worrier, pessimistic, over-sensitive, complainer, wise.
9.Monkey (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Metal)
Inventor, motivator, improviser, quick-witted, inquisitive, flexible, innovative, problem solver, self-assured, sociable, polite, dignified, competitive, objective, factual, intellectual. Can be egotistical, vain, selfish, reckless, snobbish, deceptive, cunning, jealous, suspicious.
10.Rooster (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Metal)
Acute, neat, meticulous, organized, self-assured, decisive, conservative, critical, perfectionist, alert, zealous, practical, scientific, responsible. Can be over zealous and critical, puritanical, egotistical, abrasive, opinionated.
11.Dog (Yang, 3rd Trine, Fixed Element Metal)
Honest, intelligent, straightforward, loyal, sense of justice and fair play, attractive, amiable, unpretentious, sociable, open-minded, idealistic, moralistic, practical, affectionate, dogged. Can be cynical, lazy, cold, judgmental, pessimistic, worrier, stubborn, quarrelsome.
12.Pig (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Water)
Honest, simple, gallant, sturdy, sociable, peace-loving, patient, loyal, hard-working, trusting, sincere, calm, understanding, thoughtful, scrupulous, passionate, intelligent. Can be naive, over-reliant, self-indulgent, gullible, fatalistic, and materialistic.
*Sorry if there is any word that crash with other's religion.
After read abot the twelve zodiac signs in chinese astrology,have you ever think about why they will be arrange accordingly? Why must be those twelve animals but not other than that?
Now,I would like to share about one of the most popular legend that can answer your above questions. To get the answers,please scroll down.
The legend says that a race was used to decide the animals to report to the Jade Emperor(the emperor of heaven in chinese.)
First,the cat and the rat were the worst swimmers in the animal kingdom. Although bad swimmers, they were both intelligent. They decided that the best and fastest way to cross the river was to hop on the back of the ox. The ox, being a naïve and good-natured animal, agreed to carry them across. However, overcome with a fierce competitiveness, the rat decided that in order to win, it must do something and promptly pushed the cat into the river. Because of this, the cat has never forgiven the rat, and hates the water as well. After the ox had crossed the river, the rat jumped ahead and reached the shore first, and it claimed first place in the competition.
Following closely behind was the strong ox, and it was named the 2nd animal in the zodiac. After the ox, came the tiger, panting, while explaining to the Emperor just how difficult it was to cross the river with the heavy currents pushing it downstream all the time. But with powerful strength, it made to shore and was named the 3rd animal in the cycle.
Suddenly, from a distance came a thumping sound, and the rabbit arrived. It explained how it crossed the river: by jumping from one stone to another in a nimble fashion. Halfway through, it almost lost the race but the rabbit was lucky enough to grab hold of a floating log that later washed him to shore. For that, it became the 4th animal in the zodiac cycle. Coming in 5th place was the dragon, flying and belching fire into the air. Of course, the Emperor was deeply curious as to why a strong and flying creature such as the dragon should fail to reach first. The mighty dragon explained that he had to stop and make rain to help all the people and creatures of the earth, and therefore he was held back a little. Then, on his way to the finish line, he saw a little helpless rabbit clinging on to a log so he did a good deed and gave a puff of breath to the poor creature so that it could land on the shore. The Emperor was very pleased with the actions of the dragon, and he was added into the zodiac cycle. As soon as he had done so, a galloping sound was heard, and the horse appeared. Hidden on the horse's hoof is the snake, whose sudden appearance gave the horse a fright, thus making it fall back and gave the snake 6th spot while the horse took the 7th.
Not long after that, a little distance away, the ram, monkey and rooster came to the shore. These three creatures helped each other to get to where they are. The rooster spotted a raft, and took the other two animals with it. Together, the ram and the monkey cleared the weeds, tugged and pulled and finally got the raft to the shore. Because of their combined efforts, the Emperor was very pleased and promptly named the ram as the 8th creature, the monkey as the 9th, and the rooster the 10th.
The 11th animal is the dog. His explanation for being late—although he was supposed to be the best swimmer amongst the rest—was that he needed a good bath after a long spell, and the fresh water from the river was too big a temptation. For that, he almost didn't make it to finish line. Just as the Emperor was about to call it a day, an oink and squeal was heard from a little pig. The pig got hungry during the race, promptly stopped for a feast and then fell asleep. After the nap, the pig continued the race and was named the 12th and last animal of the zodiac cycle. The cat finished too late (thirteenth) to win any place in the calendar, and vowed to be the enemy of the rat forevermore.
In Buddhism, legend has it that Buddha summoned all of the animals of the earth to come before him before his departure from this earth, but only twelve animals actually came to bid him farewell. To reward the animals who came to him he named a year after each of them, the years were given to them in the order they had arrived.
The legend really sounds interesting right? Hope it can give you an idea of how the twelve zodiac being existed.
*Sorry if there is any word that crash with other's religion.
Now I want to share about,what tests may I need before I get pregnant?
You may need some tests to find out if you have problems that could harm you or your baby during pregnancy. Many things can be treated before pregnancy to help prevent problems for you and your baby.
Rubella. If you don't know whether you've ever had rubella (also called the German measles) or been vaccinated against it, a blood test can give the answer. Catching rubella while you're pregnant can be very harmful for your baby. You can be vaccinated against rubella before you get pregnant.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS can make it hard for you to get pregnant and can also harm you or your baby. It is best if these diseases are diagnosed and treated before pregnancy.
Other problems. Your doctor may also want to perform some other tests depending on your risk for other problems (such as anemia or hepatitis).
Everything is important nowadays.
Why is being ready for pregnancy so important?
Conception occurs about 2 weeks before your period is due. That means you may not even know you're pregnant until you're more than 3 weeks pregnant. Yet your baby is most sensitive to harm 2 to 8 weeks after conception. This is when your baby's organs (such as the heart) begin to form. Anything you eat, drink, smoke or are exposed to can affect your baby. That's why it's best to start acting as if you're pregnant before you actually are.
What should I eat?
What you eat will also feed your baby. Junk food like potato chips, soda and cookies won't have the right nutrients for your baby. You want to make sure you get plenty of calcium, folic acid (see box below), protein and iron. Talk with your doctor about what nutrients you need and how to get them.
You might also need to make some changes if you follow a vegetarian or weight-loss diet. Talk with your doctor before taking extra vitamins and minerals. Some may actually be harmful, like high doses of vitamin A.
CAT
The cat (Felis catus), also known as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from other felines, is a small predatory carnivorous species of crepuscular mammal that is valued by humans for its companionship and its ability to hunt vermin, snakes and scorpions. It has been associated with humans for at least 9,500 years.
A skilled predator, the cat is known to hunt over 1,000 species for food. It can be trained to obey simple commands. Individual cats have also been known to learn on their own to manipulate simple mechanisms, such as doorknobs. Cats use a variety of vocalizations and types of body language for communication, including meowing, purring, hissing, growling, squeaking, chirping, clicking, and grunting. Cats may be the most popular pet in the world, with over 600 million in homes all over the world. They are also bred and shown as registered pedigree pets. This hobby is known as the "cat fancy".
Until recently the cat was commonly believed to have been domesticated in ancient Egypt, where it was a cult animal. However a 2007 study found that the lines of descent of all house cats probably run through as few as five self-domesticating African Wildcats Felis silvestris lybica circa 8000 BC, in the Near East.
Cats typically weigh between 2.5 and 7 kg (5.5–16 pounds); however, some breeds, such as the Maine Coon, can exceed 11.3 kilograms (24.9 lb). Some have been known to reach up to 23 kilograms (51 lb) due to overfeeding. Conversely, very small cats (less than 1.8 kilograms (4.0 lb)) have been reported.
The largest cat ever was officially reported to have weighed in at about 21.297 kilograms (46.952 lb) (46 lb 15.25 oz).
STAR...
A star is a massive, luminous ball of plasma. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth. Other stars are visible in the night sky, when they are not outshone by the Sun. For most of its life, a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion in its core releasing energy that traverses the star's interior and then radiates into outer space. Almost all elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were created by fusion processes in stars.
Astronomers can determine the mass, age, chemical composition and many other properties of a star by observing its spectrum, luminosity and motion through space. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant in its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star are determined by its evolutionary history, including the diameter, rotation, movement and temperature. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (H–R diagram), allows the age and evolutionary state of a star to be determined.
A star begins as a collapsing cloud of material composed primarily of hydrogen, along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements. Once the stellar core is sufficiently dense, some of the hydrogen is steadily converted into helium through the process of nuclear fusion. The remainder of the star's interior carries energy away from the core through a combination of radiative and convective processes. The star's internal pressure prevents it from collapsing further under its own gravity. Once the hydrogen fuel at the core is exhausted, those stars having at least 0.4 times the mass of the Sun expand to become a red giant, in some cases fusing heavier elements at the core or in shells around the core. The star then evolves into a degenerate form, recycling a portion of the matter into the interstellar environment, where it will form a new generation of stars with a higher proportion of heavy elements.
Binary and multi-star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound, and generally move around each other in stable orbits. When two such stars have a relatively close orbit, their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution.
Manage Your Time
Managing your time is important.
•If you have a "real" job after lecture that you do just for fun (or for some extra spending money), or if you participate in extra-curricular activities (whether school-related or not), keep your priorities in mind:
Your education should come first!
•If you must work (in order to make ends meet), you should realize the limitations that this imposes on your study time.
How much time should you devote to studying? A recent survey in the Chronicle of Higher Education suggested that students are not studying enough. So, how much is enough? If you assume that your education is a full-time job, then you should spend about 40 hours/week on it. Figure that 1 academic credit equals about 1 hour. So, if you're taking 15 credits, then you're spending about 15 hours in class. Subtracting that from 40 gives you 25 hours that you should be spending studying at home (or in the library).
You should spread that out over the week. Suppose you decide to study Sunday through Thursday evenings, taking Fridays and Saturdays off (from studying, that is). Dividing that 25 hours by those 5 days gives you 5 hours of studying per night. If you think that's too much, then plan on studying in the afternoons, too, or some of Saturday.
The above are just rules of thumb. If you're taking a 3-credit independent-study course, but you meet with your instructor only 1 hour/week, then you should add the extra 2 hours to your at-home study time. If you're working to earn some money, you should subtract your work hours from your free time, not from your study time! (If you don't want to do that, then you should consider quitting your job or reducing your course load.)
Set yourself a grade goal. If you don't meet it, cut down on non-school activities. (If you can't, because you're working for a living, then consider dropping down to part-time schooling.)
The Laws of Badminton
COURT AND COURT EQUIPMENT
1.1. The court shall be a rectangle marked out with lines 40 mm wide as shown in Diagram A.
1.2. The lines marking out the court shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be coloured white or yellow.
1.3. All the lines shall form part of the area which they define.
1.4. The posts shall be 1.55 metres in height from the surface of the court and shall remain vertical when the net is strained as provided in Law 1.10. The posts or its supports shall not extend into the court.
1.5. The posts shall be placed on the doubles side lines as in Diagram A irrespective of whether singles or doubles is being played.
1.6. The net shall be made of fine cord of dark colour and even thickness with a mesh of not less than l5 mm and not more than 20 mm.
1.7. The net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 metres wide.
1.8. The top of the net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable running through the tape. This tape shall rest upon the cord or cable.
1.9. The cord or cable shall be stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts.
1.10. The top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524 metres at the centre of the court and 1.55 metres over the side lines for doubles.
1.11 There shall be no gaps between the ends of the net and the posts. If necessary, the full depth of the net at the ends shall be tied to the posts
SHUTTLE
2.1 The shuttle shall be made of natural and / or synthetic materials. From whatever material the shuttle is made, the flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with a cork base covered by a thin layer of leather.
2.2 Feathered Shuttle
2.2.1 The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.
2.2.2 The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the tip to the top of the base.
2.2.3 The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm.
2.2.4 The feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material.
2.2.5 The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.
2.2.6 The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.
2.3 Non-Feathered Shuttle
2.3.1 The skirt, or simulation of feathers in synthetic materials, shall replace natural feathers.
2.3.2 The base shall be as described in Law 2.2.5.
2.3.3 Measurements and weight shall be as in Laws 2.2.2, 2.2.3 and 2.2.6. However, because of the difference in the specific gravity and other properties of synthetic materials in comparison with feathers, a variation of up to 10 per cent shall be acceptable.
2.4 Subject to there being no variation in the general design, speed and flight of the shuttle, modifications in the above specifications may be made with the approval of the Member Association concerned, in places where atmospheric conditions due to either altitude or climate make the standard shuttle unsuitable.
Do you ever heard about anorexia before? This article is a brief about the disease, anorexia....
For the French Symphonic Black Metal band, see Anorexia Nervosa (band). Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes an eating disorder, characterized by low body weight and body image distortion, with an obsessive fear of gaining weight. Individuals with anorexia are known to control body weight commonly through the means of voluntary starvation, purging, vomiting, excessive exercise or other weight control measures, such as diet pills or diuretic drugs. While the condition primarily affects adolescent females, approximately 10% of people with the diagnosis are male. Anorexia nervosa, involving neurobiological, psychological, and sociological components, is a complex condition that can lead to death in severe cases.
The term anorexia is of Greek origin: a (α, prefix of negation), n (ν, link between two vowels) and orexis (ορεξις, appetite), thus meaning a lack of desire to eat.
"Anorexia nervosa" is frequently shortened to "anorexia" in the popular media. This is technically incorrect, as the term "anorexia" used separately refers to the medical symptom of reduced appetite (which therefore is distinguishable from anorexia nervosa in being non-psychiatric).
This is only a short description about the disease. You all can always online to know whole picture of this disease.
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